C. P. Alexander.
New Nearctic Tipulidae.
Psyche 19(6):163-171, 1912.

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PSYCHE
VOL. XIX. DECEMBER, 1912. No. 6
NEW NEARCTIC TIPULIDAE (DIPTERA) .I
Ithaca, N. Y.
The following crane-flies, received from various correspondents during the past few months, are believed to be new to science. Liiobia argenteceps sp. nov.
Antennce 15-segmented; pleurce yellow, with a brown band; wings spotted; Sc short, ending before the origin of Rs.
cf , Length, 4.6 mm.; wing, 5.9 mm.
Head: rostrum and palpi black; antennae 15-segmented, with the segments all black, flagellar segments rounded-ovate; front, vertex and occiput black with a conspicuous silvery-grey bloom; genae darker. Thorax: pronotum light brownish-yellow; mesonotum, prasscutum: in front and on the lateral margin, rather bright yellow; an indistinct broad, brown, median stripe which spreads out behind and covers the entire sclerite before the suture; scutum brown, paler, yellowish, medially; scutellum and post-notum brown. Pleurae yellow, with a broad brown band extending from the cervical sclerites back to the halteres and base of the abdomen. Halteres, pale at base; remainder, darker, brown. Legs: cox= bright yellow; trochanters yellow; femora yellowish-brown, darker toward the tip; tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings: hyaline, veins brown; a brown spot at the tip of Sc, extending around the base of the sector; a large square stigma1 spot; all cross-veins and deflections of veins, narrowly marginal with brown; tip of the wing and ends of all of the veins, faintly tinged with brown. Venation (See fig. I): Sc short, Sca at the tip, end- ing before the base of Rs; Rs rather square at its origin; basal deflection of Cu; before the fork of M.
Abdomen: tergum dark brown, the extreme apice of each sclerite and a broad median patch on the base of segments 1 to 6, yellow; sternum mostly pale yellow, the lateral margins and an indistinct, sub-apical, cross-band, brown. Hypopy- gium yellowish: margin of the 8th tergite almost straight; pleural pieces, cylin- drical, thickly beset with stout hairs, bearing apically, a large pale segment which is likewise beset with hairs, and armed at its tip with a slender, chitinized projec- tion, curved at its ends; guard of the penis long, prominent, enlarged apically and notched.
'Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory, Cornell University.



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164 Psyche [December
Holotype, 3, Huachuca Mts., Arizona; Aug. 1905 (H. Skinner, Coll.) Type in coll. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.
The reference of this insect to Limnobia is merely provisional; I do not care to add a new genus to our already too long list, nor do I know of any genus into which this species will accurately fit. It is remarkable in possessing antennae which are 15-segmented. The hypopygium is more like that of Limnobia than it is like that of Furcomyia, still the appearance of the insect, and its venation, are strongly suggestive of the last-named genus. It may be well to compare it with this genus; in Doane's Key (Ent. News, Jan. '08; p. 5-7) it runs down to couplet 30, but runs out because of its spotted wings. It is related to Furcomyia siqnipennis Coq. of California (J. N. Y. Ent. Soc.; vol. 13; p. 56; (1905). Elliptera astigrnatica sp. nov.
Wings without a stigma1 spot.
c? Length, 8.75 mm. ; wing, 14 mm.
Head: rostrum and palpi brownish-black; antennae, segment one, elongate-cy- lindrical; flagellar segments oval, similar to one another in shape, gradually smaller; antennae black;
front, vertex and occiput black; the occiput narrowed behind. (It is probable that the head is covered with a grey bloom in fresh specimens; the type is injured.)
Thorax: very convex, praescutum large, greyish-brown, clearer grey along the margins and on the pleurae; the praescutum is very large, so that the meso-thoracic legs are very widely separated from the prothoracic pair, but close to the metatho- racic; scutum, scutellum and post-notum dark grey, the caudal margin of the scutel- lum brown. Halteres light yellow, the knob brown. Legs: fore cox= dark brown, yellowish at the tip; remainder lacking; middle and hind legs, cox= yellowish- brown; femora and tibiae obscure yellowish-brown; tarsi lacking. Wings: hyaline, with a faint yellow suffusion in cells C, Sc, RI and anterior por- tions of Ra; stigma entirely absent; veins, brown, Rl darker than the others; a brownish suffusion below Cu and 2nd Anal. Venation (See fig. 2.): Costa in vicinity of Sc bellied out cephalad and incrassated; Sc rather long, lying closer to C than to R; Sea far retracted, so that SCI is about equal to Rs; R long, ending before the wing-tip, strongly incrassated to near the origin of R4+5; Rs long, aris- ing at an extremely acute angle, diverging only slightly from Ri; R2+s in a direct line with Rs; basal deflection of R4+s short, strongly arcuated, beyond cross-vein r-m, straight, parallel with R2+3 to near the tip when it runs somewhat caudad; M weak, on a line with Ms and Cul; deflection of MI+^ almost as long as the cross-vein r-m; M1+2 proximad of m longer than that portion beyond it, making cell 1st Mz very elongate; Cu strong, Cul about two-thirds as long as Cut; Cui fuses with M just before the fork; 1st A very weak; 2nd A stronger, gently bisinuate; anal angle rather prominent.




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19121 Alexander~New Nearctic Tipulidae (Diptera) 165 Abdomen greyish on dorsum, pleurae darker, blackish; sternum testaceous. Holotype, 3, Roger's Pass, British Columbia; July 30,1908. (J. Chester Brad-
ley, coll.)
Type in Cornell Univ. coll.
This species agrees with the other American species, clausa 0. S. of California, in its possessing a median cross-vein. It differs in
the entire absence of a stigma1 spot.
I have seen the types of
clausa in Cambridge, thanks to the kindness of Mr. Henshaw, and find that that portion of Ri, just underneath the stigma is bent caudad, and, beyond the stigma, regains its former level; no such condition exists in astigmatica.
Erioptera (~eso~phona) distincta sp. nov. Vertex variegated; mesonotum clear light grey; dorsal stripes rather broad, clear; pleural stripes very distinct, clear-cut; femora with two dark bands, except- ing the middle pair which has one; wings greyish, spotted and dotted, on the veins and in the cells, with white.
3, Length, 3.6-3.8 mm.; wing, 4.6 mm.
Head: palpi brown; antennae light yellowish-brown; vertex with a large, clear grey, oval spot, surrounded by a brown border; the outer margins of the vertex, nearest the eyes, fawn-colored; occiput dark brown. Cervical sclerites pale yellow, dorsally with two dark spots.
Thorax: pronotum whitish, the scutellum interrupted medially with a dark pit; mesonotum, praescutum clear light grey, the lateral margins narrowly greyish; a brown stripe on either side, beginning near the caudal end of the pronotum, con- tinuing backward; a brown stripe on either side of the grey median vitta. Pseudo sutural pits1 elongate-oval, pale; the space anterior to this fovea is pale, fawn- colored; prsescutal, or tuberculate, pits, distinct, black, separated from one another by a distance equal to one and one-half the diameter of one; these pits are located in the median ground stripe near the proximal edge of the dark dorsal stripes; scutum, greyish, the vittse of the praescutum continued backward onto this; scu- tellum light yellowish-brown, darker anteriorly; post-notum grey, tri-vittate with dark brown. Pleurae dark brown; a narrow yellowish-white pale stripe running from the lateral margin of the cervical sclerites, caudad; broadening out above the fore coxa and continuing to the wing basis; a broad, clear, silvery-white stripe, narrowest anteriorly, beginning back of the fore coxa, running back to the base of the abdomen; sternum clear grey. The pleura has the appearance of having three dark and two pale bands.
Halteres, stem white, knob pale brown. Legs: fore and hind femur, yellow with a broad sub-basal, and a narrower, sub-apical, brownish- black ring; tibiae and tarsi whitish; extreme tarsal segments darker; middle leg, similar, but femur has only the sub-apical dark band. Wings greyish, browner on the cephalic half, with numerous white spots and dots, these largest along the costa and on the cord; the cells are speckled with numerous fine dots.




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166 Psyche [December
Abdomen light brownish-yellow; a broad, brown, median stripe. Holotype, c?, Higbrolls, New Mexico; May 31, 1902. Paratypes, 3 3's; Highrolls, New Mexico; May 31, June 2, and June 10, 1902. Types in coll. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.
This species differs from its nearest ally, caloptera Say, in its very clearcut pattern of coloration, clear grey with distinct pleural stripes, not yellowish with indistinct pleural stripes, etc. Trimicra pygmaea sp. nov.
Small; brown; basal half of antennae yellow, remainder brown; wings greyish with a short pubescence in all the cells. ? , length, 3.2 mm. : wing, 3.5 mm.
Head: rostrum and palpi dark brown; antennae, basal seven segments light yel- low, terminal segments dark brown; front, vertex and occiput dark brown. Thorax: dark brown, the lateral margin of the mesonotal praescutum dull yellow- ish; scutum, scutellum and post-notum dark brown, dark stripes not evident; pleurae dark brown, more yellowish near the dorsal margin. Halteres yellow. Legs: cox= and trochanters yellowish-brown; femora, tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings: hyaline with a slight greyish tinge; stigma indistinctly grey; veins brown, R more yellowish. Wing covered in all the cells with a thick short pubescence. Venation: (See fig. 3) Sc2 retracted far back from the tip of SCI; Rs leaves RI at an acute angle; fork of R2+a deep, R2+a being a little shorter than the basal deflection of Cul; cross-vein r just beyond the fork of R2+3 and far removed from the tip of RI. Abdomen: dark brown; in the ? with the valves of the ovipositor rather short, yellow.
Holotype: 3, Woodworth's Lake, Fulton Co., N. Y. (alt. 1660 ft) ; Aug. 22, 1910 (Alexander, coll.). Allotype; Q , with the type. Paratypes: Q , Wooster, Ohio; Sept. 20, 1911, on grass-lands. (Houser, coll.) In coll. John Houser. o" Coy Glen, Ithaca, N. Y.; May 28, 1912; (Alexander and Sheffield.) The types are mounted in balsam, in the author's collection. Related to T. anomala 0. S. but much smaller and quite differ- ently colored; Mexican specimens which I have determined as T. anomala may, or may not, be conspecific with T. pilipes Fabr. of Europe (Compare Osten Sacken, Western Dipt., p. 200.) If
so, it is easily separated from vyamaea by its non-pubescent wings.
1 I have applied the term ~seudosutural pits' to the deep impressions on the antero-lateral margins of the prsescutum existing in many Tipulidse (humeral pits of Osten sacken). The
'double dots' of Osten Sacken are spoken of above as the 'tuberculate pits.'



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Alexander-New Nearctic TipIllidae (Diptera) Limnophila laricicola sp. nov.
Small; antennae of the c? elongate; color of the body light yellow; wings sub- hyaline.
8, Length, uncertain, abdomen broken; wing, 5.4 mm. Head: antennae elongate, the segments indistinct, twisted, elongate-ovate, nar- rowed at the ends, brownish in color; front, vertex and occiput light brown, but discolored, and possibly different in fresh material. Thorax: pronotum brown; mesonotum, praescutum brown on the anterior mar- gin; a dark brown spot on the frontal third of the sclerite in a median position; remainder of the sclerite light yellow, sub-shining, with a sparse pale bloom; scu- turn and post-notum light yellow, the latter with an indistinct narrow brown median stripe; pleurae yellow, darker near the dorsal margin. Halteres, stem pale, knob darker. Legs: coxae and trochanters light yellow; remainder of the legs brown, rather darker outwards.
Wings : subhyaline, stigma indistinct, brown. Venation (See fig. 4) : Sc rather long, extending to beyond the fork of Rs; cross-vein r at the tip of Rl; Rs short, less than MI or Ma in length; Rz+a rather long, as long as Rs, gently arcuated; Rs rather oblique, cross-vein r near its middle; deflection of R4+6 about as long as cross- vein r-m; petiole of cell MI moderately long, about three-fifths of cell Mi; basal deflection of Cul beyond the middle of cell 1st Mz. Cell Ra very acute at its proxi- mal angle; cell 1st Mz long and narrow.
- Abdomenhroken.
Holotype, 3.
Canada Lake, Fulton Co., N. Y.; June 20, 1911 (Alexander). Occurred in an extensive sphagnum bog, on vegetation growing underneath larch trees. (altitude 1550 feet)
Type in author's collection.
This species by its elongate antennae in thed71, is allied to poetica 0. S.
I thought that it was a small d1 of this species until I saw the types in Cambridge. Poetica is conspicuously larger, with quite different antennal structure. In laricicola, the antennal segments are twisted, and the sutures between them indistinct, producing an appearance quite different from that which obtains in the male sex of poetica, tenuipes, niveitarsis, etc. Venationally, this new species differs from poetica in its longer Ra+g, shorter petiole to cell Mi, etc. Unfortunately my type, and only speci- men, was recently accidentally damaged.
Eriocera albihirta sp. nov.
Antennae short in the c? ; cell Mi present; body densely clothed with long white hairs.
cf Length, 15 mm. ; wing, 15.6 mm. ; antenna, 4.5 rnm. Fore leg, fern. 8 mm.; tibia, 10 mm.
Middle leg, fern. 9.2 mm. ; tibia, 8.4 mm. Hind leg, fern. 12 mm.; tibia 12.6 mm.




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168 Psyche [~ecem ber
Head: rostum and palpi dark brown; antennse, first segment large, cylindrical, brown;
remainder of antennae black with black hairs. Front wide, the frontal tubercle not prominent; front, vertex and occiput, medium brown densely clothed with long pale hairs; a spot on the front just behind the base of the antennae, paler, golden-yellow .
Thorax : mesonotal prsescutum dark dull black without apparent stripes (though these may have been destroyed by some means or another), the entire sclerite densely clothed with elongated white hairs, very conspicuous; those on the dorsum darker and shorter, those on the lateral margin of the sclerite exceedingly conspicu- ous; scutum dull black; scutellum dark brown, also with numerous pale hairs; post-notum black.
Pleurse light grey with dense white hairs; the light color of the pleurae renders it probable that the dorsum is grey with darker stripes, in living material.
Halteres, stem light brown, knob darker brown. Legs: coxae brown,
with a grey bloom; trochanter brown; fore femora, basal half brownish-yellow; apical half dark brown, uniform throughout; tibia and tarsi dark brown; middle leg, femora with rather more than the basal half light-colored; hind leg, femora with only the extreme base yellowish.
Wings: subhyaline or light brown, more brownish near the veins; cells C and Sc brownish-yellow; stigma small, oval; veins brown. Venation: (See fig. 6); Sc extending beyond the fork of R2+a; R long, cross-vein r about one-half as long as that portion of Ri beyond it; r before the middle of R2; cell Mi present. Vena- tion almost exactly like the eastern E. brachycera 0. S. Abdomen: tergum uniform dark brown, the lateral margin pale yellowish, and provided with long pale hairs, these longest on the basal segments; hypopygium yellowish-orange; sternum more greyish.
Holotype: The labels read '22 California. No. 846. Coll. Hy. Edwards.' Prob- ably from Marin Co.
Related to E. brachycera 0. S. but darker and clothed with long pale hairs much longer than in brachycera. The basal segments of the antennae in brachycera are very light yellowish-red, not brown; the front of brachycera in the vicinity of the tubercle is uniformly pale; the thoracic dorsum may or may not be simi- larly colored in the two species (see statement, above, concerning the condition of the thorax in albihirta). In brachycera the legs
are much lighter-colored with narrow blackish tips to all the femora; in albihirta the femoral tips are uniform brown and very broad. Eriocera fultpnensis sp. nov.
Antennae short in both sexes; cell MI absent; body coloration dark brown; prsescutum four-striped; wings light brown; cross-vein r far before the fork of 3, Length, 9.6-10.2 mm. ; wing, 9-10.4 mm. Q , Length, 11.2-11.5 mm.; wing, 10.5-11.3 mm.



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19121 Alexander-New Nearctic Tipulidae (DGtera) 169 Head: palpi dark, blackish, rostrum much paler brown; antennae short in both sexes; scapal segments dark above, reddish-yellow underneath; flagellar segments black. Front, vertex and occiput black with a grey pruinosity, most distinct behind the eyes.
Thorax: mesonotal praescutum light yellowish-brown with a dark brown stripe on either side of the paler median vitta, these stripes broadest in front, narrower behind, ending just before the suture; a shorter, curved, lateral stripe on the lateral edge of the sclerite, beginning just behind the pseudo-suture, continuing to the transverse suture; scutum, scutellum and post-notum blackish, scantily grey pruinose; pleurae unicolorous greyish-black. Halteres, base of stem, pale, yellow; remainder of stem, and the knob, dark brown. Legs:
coxae light brown; trochanters and basal three-fourths of the femora, light brownish-yellow; apical fourth of the femora, brown; in the fore-legs, the apical half of the femur is brown; tibia light brown, the tip black; tarsi brown. Wings: veins dark brown; membrane rather uniformly tinged with light brown; stigma small, delimited externally by the radial cross-vein; extreme tip of the wing rather darker.
Venation (See fig. 7) : cross-vein r near the tip of Ri, situated far before the fork of Rz+a; R2 much shorter than Ra+a; cell Mi absent; basal deflec- tion of Cui slightly before the fork of M. Abdomen shiny black, including the large hypopygium; in the 9, the valves of the ovipositor are likewise black.
Holotype, ^, Sport Is; Sacandaga R; Fulton Co.; N. Y. June 28,1911. (Alex- ander, coll.) Allotype, ? , with the type. Paratypes, 5 #, 5 ? . with the type.
Types in author's collection.
Nearest related to E. fuliqinosa 0. S. (East. U. S.), from which it is readily distinguished by the lack of a grey bloom on the thorax, the shiny jet black abdomen and genitalia, etc. In normal indi- viduals of fultonensis, cross-vein r is far before the fork of R2+3 (See fig. 7). In rare instances, however, the cross-vein is much nearer to the fork though never quite at it.
Specimens which I refer
to fuliginosa, provisionally, show a venation similar to that des- cribed for the species (See fig. 8) ; the coloration is very dark, however, and comparison with the type may prove them to be novelties.
E. fultonensis differs from E. gibbosa Doane1 (Mich.) in the same venational peculiarity.
Eriocera cinerea sp. nov.
Cell MI absent; color of the thorax light grey; stripes on the mesothoracic
prsescutum indistinct; cross-vein r far beyond the fork of &+8. 9, Length, 11.4 mm.; wing, 11.2 mm.
9, Head: rostrum yellow; palpi yellowish-brown; antennae, segments one Doane, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc.; vol. 8; p. 193; pi. 8, fig. 10. (1900)



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170 Psyche [~ecember
and two, light orange-yellow beneath, light brown above; flagellar segments brown. Front and clypeus light orange-yellow; vertex and occiput light grey, more brown- ish medially, paler on the vertex behind the eyes, and on the gens. Thorax: prothorax, scutum dark brown with a grey bloom and prominent pale hairs; scutellum dark brown medially, the ends conspicuously orange-yellow. Mesothorax yellowish-grey, the prsescutum with four very indistinct darker lines; the middle pair long, confluent or nearly so at their cephalic ends; lateral pair short, beginning behind the prominent rounded, black pseudo-suturalfovea; scutum and scutellum brown with a clear light grey bloom; post-notum dark brown. Pleurae light grey; halteres, stem brownish-yellow, knob brown. Legs: coxs and trochanters rich orange-yellow; femora light brownish-yellow, the extreme tip darker, brown; tibiae, extreme base brown, remainder yellowish-brown, insensibly darker apically; tarsi brown.
Wings sub-hyaline or very pale brown; costal and subcostal cells light yellow; stigma ill-dafined, yellowish-brown; veins brown. Venation (See fig. 9) Sc short,
ending before the fork of Ra+a; Rs+ 3 slightly longer than that portion of RZ before cross-vein r; cross-vein r inserted near the tip of Ri and far beyond the fork of R2+3; cell Mi absent; cell 1st MZ elongate. Abdomen: tergum dark brown, the lateral margins of the sclerite broadly, the caudal margin narrowly, brownish-yellow; valves of the ovipositor brownish- orange; sternum greyish-brown.
Holotype. 9, Boston, Massachusetts.
Type in author's collection.
Related to fuliginosa 0. S. but head and thorax conspicuously grey, not brown; abdomen not uniform brown; cross-vein r sit- uated far beyond the fork of Ra+g, etc. The female of E. wilsoni 0. S. (East U. S.), of which I have seen the types in Cambridge, is unknown. This new species cannot be that sex of wilsoni because of its totally different body-color. E. longicornis Walker is quite a different species; its venation seems never to have been figured (The figure in Needham's 23rd Rep't of the N. Y. State Entomologist, is not longicornis, but spinosa.) so I include a drawing. (See fig. 10.)
Rhaphidolabis neomexicana sp. nov.
Cross-vein rn of the wings absent; wings pearly-white with a distinct dark brown stigma1 spot.
$ , Length, 5.4 mm. wing, 7.6 mm.
Head: rostrum and palpi dark brownish-black, antennae black; head dark brown, sparsely grey pruinose. Thorax: mesonotal prsescutum dark brown, very sparsely grey pruinose without distinct darker stripes, though rather deeper- colored medially; scutum, scutellum and post-notum dark brown with a faint grey



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Alexander-New Nearctic Tipulidas




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191.21 Alexander-New Nearctic Tipulidae Diptera 171 dust. Pleurae dark brownish-black, grey-dusted. Halteres, stem pale, knob brown. Legs : cox= brownish-yellow, more greyish anteriorly; trochanters brown- ish-yellow; femora and tibiae uniform medium brown; tarsi gone. Wings: hyaline or sub-pearly; a prominent elongate dark brown stigmal spot; veins brown, the longitudinal veins rather paler at the wing-root. Venation:
(See fig. 5) : Sc long extending beyond the fork of Rz+a; RI long, cross-vein r very near its tip; Rs short, oblique; Rz+s very short, only a little longer than cross-veins r or r-m; cross-vein r beyond the middle of Ra; Mi about as long as Rs; no cross- vein m; basal deflection of Cui beyond the fork of M. Abdomen: dark brown, the pleural sutures lighter brown; valves of the oviposi- tor light colored, brownish-yellow.
Holotype, 9, Beulah, New Mexico: June 29,1902. Type coll. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.
Most closely allied to R. tenuipes 0. S. of the Eastern United States, but differs in its wing coloration, apparent lack of thoracic stripes, dark stigmal spot and venational details, i. e., more oblique Us, shorter and more divergent Mi and Mg, etc. R. debilis Wi1l.l appears to be a Tricyphona by its venation (R2+3 fused and R4 and R5 separate). It agrees most closely with T. vitripennis Doane.
The members of this tribe, Pedicini, require careful study at the hands of some competent student who has access to an abundance of Western material. The West appears to be the center of dis- tribution for the members of this group, which, in other parts of the continent, are represented only by a few species, or else, as in the tropics, quite lacking. I surmise that such a study, based on sufficient material, would show congenerousness of Plectromyia 0. S. and Rhaphidolabis 0. S., with Dicranota Zett. Explanation of the Plate IS. ,
1. Wing of Limnobia argenteceps, sp. n.
2. " " Elliptera astigmatica, sp. n.
3. cc Trimicra pygmaea, sp. n.
4. " " Limnophila laricicola,, sp. n.
5. " " Rhaphidolabis neomexicana, sp. n. 6. " " Eriocera albihirta, sp, n.
7. &' " E. fultonensis, sp. n.
8. " " E. fuliginosa 0. S. (or related species) 9. " " E. cinerea, sp. n.
10. " " E. longicornis Walker.
1 Williston, Kans. Univ. Quart.; vol. 2; p. 62; Oct. 1893.



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