H. G. Barber.
Synoptic Keys to the Lygaeidae (Hemiptera) of the United States.
Psyche 24(4):128-135, 1917.

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128 Psgche [August
and below; thorax rufofulvous, with pale hair; mesothorax shin- ing, black with narroq7 red lateral and hind margins; mesopleura with a large black spot below; middle of mesothorax shining, dis- tinctly darlamed, sides densely ochreous-pruinose; tegulz pale rufotestaceous; wings greyish; stigma slender, dull pale yellowish; legs entirely clear ferruginous, hind tibiz relatively narrow, the fringe on hind margin long and red; hind basitarsi nearly parallel- sided; abdomen rather narrow, entirely shining ferruginous. Porto Bello, Panama, April 18, 1912 (A. Buxk). Related to
T. braueri Friese, from Brazil, but readily separated by the black mesothorax. There is a strong superficial resemblance to T. dor.salis Smith, which occurs at -4lhajuel0, Panama (Budi), Guapiles, Costa Rica (Crawfod) and Secanquin, Guatemala (G. P. GolL).
SYNOPTIC KEYS TO THE LYGBIDB (HEMIPTERA) OF THE UNITED STATES.
BY H. G. BARBER,
Roselle Fark, New Jersey.
Several months ago I was requested by Dr. W. E. Britton of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station to prepare a list of the Lygzeid~ occurring in Connecticut, with suitable keys, for the proposed list of Hemiptera of the state. As a basis for this work I found it necessary to construct synoptic keys of all of the subfamilies, tribes and genera for the entire United States. As so much time and study has been spent in their preparation, and as no such keys covering this family, restricted to our fauna, has ever been published, it seems advi$able to publish these in the hope that they may be of service in solving some of the difficulties experienced by systematists in this troublesome group. Professor Gregory, superintendent of the Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey, and Dr. Britton have kindly given their consent to this publication in advance of the appearance of such parts as apply only to New England Lygzid~.
I have used as a basis for these keys Stal's "Genera Lygzidarum



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1917'1 Barber-Synoptic Keys to {he Lyg~id~ (Hemiptera) 129 Europ~, ". Ofv. Yet.-Akad. Forh., 1872, and Enurneratio Hemip- terorum, Part 4, 1874.
As Van Duzee's excellent "Check List
of the Hemiptera of the United States," recently published, will be used for reference I have adoptid his system of nomenclature and order of arrangement. However, I have found it necessary to transfer the genus Orsillacis Barb. to the Tribe Lyg~ini. Part
I1 will include the Subfamily Rhyparochromin~ or Aphaninze. I desire to express my appreciation to Dr. W. E. Britton, who makes the publication of these keys possible and to Mr. H. M. Parshley of Bussey Institution, who has suggested some important changes in my keys.
Key to the Subfamilies of Lygixidix.
A. All sutures between the ventral segments of the abdomen straight and reaching the lateral margins on each side. Head
commonly without set= near the eyes.
B. All of the abdominal spiracles situated dorsally. Entire posterior margin of the pronotum, or at least the margin before the scutellum, turned down convexly. Fore femora,
compared to the succeeding pairs, not much swollen and rarely armed beneath with teeth or spines. C. Posterior margin of the pronotum between scutellum and lateral angles more or less distinctly depressed or impressed. Hemielytra, also usually the head, pro- notum and scutellum impunctate.
The two inberior
veins of the membrane commonly joined together near base by a transverse vein. ............ Lyg~in~ Stal. CC. Posterior margin of the pronotum between the scutellum and lateral angles not distinctly depressed or impressed. Hemielytra, head, pronotum and scutel- lum distinctly punctat6. The two interior veins of the membrane not joined together near base by a cross vein. ............................... Cymin~ Stal. BB. All of the abdominal spiracles not situated dorsally, at least those of the sixth placed on the venter. Posterior
margin of the pronotum, at least before the scutellum, com- monly not turned down convexly. Fore femora, as com- pared with the succeeding pairs, more or less shortened and swollen, armed or unarmed.




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130 Psyche [&August
D. All of the abdominal spiracles not situated ven- trally, at most only the three apical ones so placed. The anterior femora moderately incrassate and commonly unarmed (except some species of Ischnodemus) .
E. Head always narrower than the posterior margin of the pronotum; tylus not sulcate. Hemielytra not convex and almost if not
quite impunctate; clavus not narrowing
posteriorly; commissure distinct, at least half as long as scutellum. Fore femora some- times much swollen (Ischnodemus)
Blissin@ Stal.
EE. Head, across eyes, very broad, as wide as or wider than the posterior margin of the pronotum. Tylus usually sulcate. Hemiely- tra convex and plainly punctate; clavus
commonly narrowing posteriorly; comrnissure usually absent or very short.
Fore femora
moderately incrassate and unarmed
Geocorina? Stal.
DD. All of the abdominal spiracles situated ven- trally.
Anterior femora more or less swollen and armed with one or more spines.
F. The anterior femora much swollen and
armed beneath with one or more teeth.
Exterior vein of corium not parallel with margin. Corium not wider than ab-
domen. Buccul~ short, confined to front
of head. Posterior cox% not widely
separated.
G. Membrane with the two interior
veins connected anteriorly by trans-
verse veins. Posterior margin of
pronotum very conca~~e before scu-
tellum. Fore femora not armedwith
numerous teeth
Hete~oqastrina? Stal.




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Barber-Synoptic Keys to the Lygmkh (Hemiptera) 13 1
GG. Membrane with the two interior
veins not connected anteriorly by a
transverse vein; all 1-eins running
from the base? sometimes posteriorly
reticulate. Posterior margin of the
pronotum straight before the scutel-
lum. Fore femora much swollen
and armed with numerous teeth
Pachygronihince Stal.
FF. The anterior femora not so incrassate as in the preceding and armed with a
single tooth. Corium expanded, wider
than abdomen ; exterior vein sub-parallel with margin of corium. Buccul~ ex-
tended through the head. Antenn~ in-
serted c1ose to buccul~. Posterior cox=
widely separated.. . . . . Oxycurenince Stal. AA. The suture between the third and fourth ventral segments of the abdomen most commonly curved anteriorly and not reaching the lateral margins, Head commonly provided with two set= near eyes.
Fore femora swollen and armed with teeth Rhypurochromince Stal.
Key to the Tribes and Genera of the Sqb,fumily Lygceince. A. Apical margin of the corium straight? not sinuate inwardly. Exterior apical angles of antenniferous tubercles obtuse or sub-obtuse. Last dorsal segment of the male truncate. Genital segment of the males not foveate. . . . . . . . .Tribe Lggceini Stal. B. Basal segment of antenn~ just surpassing the apex of the tylus.
Rostrum not extending beyond the first segment of the abdomen.
Head short and broad,
C. Posterior margin of pronotum before scutellum sin- uate; carinate anteriorly in the middle. Scutellum more or less tumid and carinate apically Oncopeltus Stal.
CC. Posterior margin of pronotum truncate; without a median keel or with keel not reaching the anterior margin. Scutellum not tumid, with a longitudinal keel, commonly joined to a transverse keel at base. Lygims Fab.




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13% Psyche [August
BB. Basal segment of the antenn~ not reaching apex of tylus. Rostrum extending to the middle of the venter. Head
longer than broad. ..................... Orsillacis Barb. AA. Apical margin of corium inwardly sinuate. Scutellum near
base with a more or less distinct transverse ridge; base before this depressed; longitudinally carinate behind ridge. Apical angle of the antenniferous tubercles prominent, acute or sub- acute. Sixth dorsal segment of the male rounded. Genital ...............
segment of male foveate. .Tribe Orsillini Stal. D. Basal segment of antenn~ surpassing apex of tylus. Head moderately elongate. Rostrum short, its apex scarcely reaching upon the abdomen. E. Costal margins of liemielytra straight throughout, parallel or converging poste- riorly. Eyes prominent, the exposed area back of eyes greater than half of the width of the eyes. Buccul~ less than half the
length of gular area. Apex of orifices exte- riorly, prominently auriculate
Ortholornus Stal.
EE. Costal margin of the corium straight only at the base, if at all, Eyes not so prominent. Buccul~ variable.
Apex of orifices suddenly
abbreviated, rarely subauriculate
Nysius Dall.
DD. Basal segment of antenn~ not reaching apex of tylus. Head much elongated. Rostrum long, reaching to or beyond the middle of the venter Belonochilus Uhl.
Key to the Tribes and Genera of the Subfamily Cgmince. A. Head without a curved longitudinal sulcus before each ocellus; apical angle of antenniferous tubercles not prominent. Basal
segment of antenn~ surpassing apex of tylus; fourth segment of antenn~ longer than third. Scutellum equilateral with the claval commissure shorter than scutellum. ' Hemielytra hyaline, provided with few punctures. Orifices exteriorly extended and produced into a tooth at apex. ... .Tribe Ixhnorrhynchini Stal. B. Head porrect, not abr~ptly~deflexed in front. Eyes nearly




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19171 Barber-Synoptic Keys to the Lygoeidoe (Hemiptera) 133 in contact with front margin of pronotum. Width of head
across eyes not much more than half the width of posterior margin of pronotum. Sides of clavus parallel. Costal margin of corium convexly arcuated . . Ischnorrhynchus Fieb. BB. Head deflexed in front, almost vertical. Eyes distant
from the anterior margin of pronotum; tumid back of eyes. Width of head across eyes subequal to width of posterior margin of pronotum. Clavus posteriorly widened. Costal margin of corium concave towards base. ..... Nimis Stal. AA. Head with a curved longitudinal sulcus before each ocellus. Apical angles of the antenniferous tubercles prominent, acute. Basal segment of the antennae not surpassing the apex of the tylus ; fourth segment shorter than third. Scutelluin broader than long. Clavus widened posteriorly. Commissure much longer than scutellum. Hemielytra not hyaline, strongly and densely punctate ....................... .Tribe Cymini Stal. C . Tylus considerably produced before the bucculse. Rostrum shorter, scarcely reaching middle of meso- sternum; second segment extending a little behind anterior margin of prosternum. Mesosternum dis- tinctly grooved. ..................... Arphnus Stal. CC. Tylus not at all or very slightly extended beyond the bucculse. Rostrum longer, extending to or behind the intermediate coxae; second segment usually reach- ing anterior coxse. Mesosternum not distinctly grooved. ............................ Cymus Hahn. Key to the Genera of the Subfamily Blissinas. A. Body elongate; abdomen over twice as long as head and thorax together. Apical margin of corium straight. Anterior coxal cavities closed behind, along the posterior margin of the pro- sternum. Antennae longer than head, thorax and scutellum together. Rostrum relatively shorter, its apex not reaching past the middle coxae. Scutellum subequilateral Ischnodemus Fieb.
AA. Body shorter; abdomen less than twice as long as head and thorax together. Apical margin of corium not straight but sinuate before apex of clavus. Coxal cavities open along the posterior margin of the prosternum. Width of head across



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134 Psyche [August
eyes about one half the diameter of the posterior margin of the prothorax. Antennae about as long as head, thorax and scutel- lum together. Rostrum longer, reaching past the middle coxse. Scutellum broader than long. ................. Blisszis Burm. Key to the Genera of the Subfamily Geocorince. A. Head extended laterally, eyes obviously stalked; inner margins of the eyes strongly converging throughout; the eyes not in contact with the anterior lateral margins of the pronotum. The first segment of the rostrum shorter than the second or subequal to it. Ocelli commonly placed midway between the inner mar- gin of the eye and the middle of the vertex. Head smooth, impunctate ........................... Isthmocoris McAtee. AA. Eyes not obviously pedunculate or stalked and commonly contiguous to the anterior lateral margins of the pronotum; inner margins, at least anteriorly, more commonly subparallel. Head, commonly, more or less punctate. Ocelli in most cases placed closer to the inner margin of the eyes than to middle point of the vertex (except in punctipes Stal andflavilineus Stal). The first segment of the rostrum longer than the second Geocoris Fallen.
Subfamily Heterogastrince.
Body oblong.
Lateral margins of pronotum lightly marginate; posterior margin strongly concave. Anterior femora armed toward apex with a tooth or spine. ................. Heterogaster Schill. Key to the Genera of the Subfamily Pachygronthina. A. Antennae short; first segment shortest of all, not attaining apex of head and not clavate at apex; second segment more than twice as long as basal segment.
Head strongly deflexed from
base; exterior margins of the jug= not elevated to form a ridge. Scutellum subequilateral, not at all calloused near basal angles. Apical margin of corium toward apex of clavus more or less sinuate, and at outer apical angle obviously rounded. First tarsal segment of the hind legs short, about as long as the second and third taken together. ..................... Phlegyas Stal. AA. Antennae longer; first joint longest of all, far surpassing apex of head and clavate or swollen at apex. Head not strongly deflexed; exterior margins of lateral lobes (jugse) of the head



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19171 Barber-Synoptic Keys to the Lygceidce (Hemiptera) 135 ridged. Scutellum usually longer than wide and with a smooth calloused area near basal angles.
Apical' margin of corium
straight and outer apical angle subacute. First tarsal segment of hind legs longer than second and third together. B. Scutellum without a median longitudinal, pale, smooth ..............................
line. (Edancala A. and S.
BB. Scutellum with a median, longitudinal, pale, smooth ................................
line. Pachygrontha Germ.
Key to the Genera of the Subfamily Oxgcarenince. A. Veins of corium and membrane evident. The coriurn coarsely but sparingly punctate.
Head, pronotum and hemielytra with-
out fine erect hairs. Head, pronotum, scutellum and body beneath not polished. ........................ Crophius Stal. AA. Veins of corium and membrane not evident. The general
surface of the corium impunctate. Head, pronotum and hem- ielytra with fine erect hairs. Head, pronotum, scutellurn and body beneath polished. ...................... Dycoderus Uhl.



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Psyche [August
EXCHANGE COLUMN.
Notices not to exceed four lines in length concerning exchanges desired of speci- mens or entomological literature will be inserted free for subscribers, to be run as '
long as may be deemed advisable by the editors. Offered for cash, but exchange preferred. Fitch and early Illinois reports; Insect Life; Harris's Insect; many others.-J. E. Hallinen, Cooperton, Okla. Histeridse. North American Histeridse identified or unidentified, desired in exchange for beetles of other families.
F. G. Carnochan, Bussey Institution,
Forest Hills, Massachusetts.
Hemiptera-Heteroptera. I desire specimens of this group from all regions, especially New England. I will give in exchange species of this and other orders (except Lepidoptera), and will identify New England material. Correspondence
desired.-H. M. Parshley, Bussey Institution, Forest Hills, Mass. Wanted: Psyche, Vol. IX. No. 300 (April, 1901). Address, giving price, Libra-
rian, Stanford University, Cal.
Sarcophagidse from all parts of the world bought or exchanged according to arrangement.
North American material determined.-R. R. Parker, Entomolog- ical Laboratory, Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass. Wanted: Transactions American Entomological Soc., Vol. 4; Entomological News, Vol. 2, Nos. 6 and 10; Vol. 8, Nos. 1 and 6; Vol. 9, Nos. 1 and 2; Vol. 10, No. 10; Vol. 11, Nos. 1, 3 and 5. Will purchase at reasonable price.-Howard L. Clark, P. 0. Box 1142, Providence, R. I. Wanted: Insects of any order from ant nests, with specimens of the hostants, from any part of the world; also Cremastochilinse of the world. Will give cash or Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera from the United States.-Wm. M. Mann, Bussey Institution, Forest Hills, Boston, Mass. Want to correspond with collectors of Noctindse in Northern Massachusetts- Subject to supply will pay any reasonable price for good specimens Catocola Sappho.-Howard L. Clark, P. 0. Box 1142, Providence, R. I. Wanted: Old Series Entom., Bul. 1,2,3,33; Technical Series 4, 6,7; Insect Life, vol. 4-6; Jour. Applied Microscopy I, N. Y. State Entom. Rep. 3, 4; Fitch Rep. 7, 8, 13.- Philip Dowell, Port Richmond, N. Y. Would appreciate receiving date, stage and mode of hibernation of insects of all orders. J. P. Baumberger, Bussey Institution, Forest Hills, Boston, Mass. Wanted: 111. Ent. Rpts. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 19; Hensham's List of the Coleoptera of America North of Mexico, 1895. For Exchange Bulletins and Circulars U. S. Bur. Ent.-J. S. Wade, Wellington, Kan. Wanted: Insects of the family Embiidse (Scoptera). I would give insects of
any order except Lepidoptera.
I would like to coirespond with persons interested in this family.
Raoul M. May, 2202 W. 10th St., Los Angeles, California.



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