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The Tabanidae of Colombia (Diptera).
Psyche 53(3-4):52-88, 1946.
This article at Hindawi Publishing: https://doi.org/10.1155/1946/40437
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5 2 Psyche
THE TABANIDE OF COLOMBIA (DIPTERA)
BY JOSEPH C. BEQUAERT
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. and
SANTIAGO REN JIFO-SALCEDO
Villavicencio, Colombia
The tabanid fauna of Colombia is rich and extremely varied. In the northwestern part it resembles that of the Republic of Panama, which is now well known through G. B. Fairchild's prolonged investigations. In the northeastern areas it is similar to that of the adjoining districts of Venezuela, a fauna which has recently been listed by A. Stone (1945). The fauna of the southwestern highlands has affinities with that of Ecuador. Finally many of the species of the great Amazonian rain forest extend into the southeastern territories. At present, however, this vast country has been little investi- gated entomologically. Our preliminary list of definitely re- corded species will probably be more than doubled by future discoveries. Indeed, our only purpose in publishing it is to incite to further collecting. The earliest records of Colombian tabanids by Macquart (1846 to 1855) were indefinite as to locality and some of his species are at present unrecognized. Schiner (1868), v. Roder (1886), and Ricardo (1902) added a few species. In recent years, Enderlein (1925), Szilhdy (1926), Dunn (1929), Krober (1925 to 1940), and Antunes (1937) made more impor- tant additions,
The present enumeration includes all species recorded thus far from Colombia; but we have clearly indicated which of these we have not seene2 The asterisk, on the other hand, indicates the species of which we have studied specimens taken in Co- lombia. Material was seen from the Museum of Comparative IPublished with a grant from the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Har- vard College.
'Entomologists should be warned not to trust always the locality record 'Bogota" so common in the literature. Often it means merely that the specimens were shipped from Bogota to Europe, although they may have been collected in some other section of Colombia.
Psiffte 5352-88 (1946). hup ltpsychu rinclub orgtS3153-052 html
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19461 Tabanidae of Colombia 55
Zoology, the United States National Museum (through Dr. A. Stone), the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (through Mr. E. T. Cresson, Jr.)) and the American Museum of Natural History (through Dr. C. H. Curran). Much of it was of our collecting; the remainder being obtained by J. V. Acufia, P. Allen, W. A. Archer, D. Augustine, M. Bates, J. Boshell M., M. A. Carriker, E. H. Chapin, H. Daniel, P. Dar- lington, J. H. Egbert, G. B. Fairchild, F. L. Gallego, A. Gast, C. C. Gowdey, B. Guevara AmOrtaqui, W. H. W. Komp, B. Losada S., W. M. Mann, E. and H. Osorno, F. Otoya, L. Patifio- Camargo, R6mulo Patifio, G. Salt, H. F. Schwarz, H. Viereck, and N. Weber. We are indebted to Dr. Graham Fairchild for many favors, particularly for assistance in the case of certain critical species. Some of the specimens here listed were included in his papers on the Panamanian fauna ( 1939 to 1943) ; others were mentioned in the senior author's publications on the Tabanidae of the Antilles and Trinidad (1940 to 1944). The localities are grouped into the major political divisions (Departments and Intendencias), which are enumerated in alphabetical sequence.
1. Hind tibiae with apical spurs. Subcosta always bare both above and below. Labella always with shiny ' sclerotized plates. Subepaulet bare, without macro- trichia. Subfamily Pangoniince ..................... 2. Hind tibiae without apical spurs. Subcosta generally hairy, at least with some hairs beneath. Subfamily Tabanince .......................................... 9. 2. First two antennal segments elongate, together often as long as or longer than third. Third antennal seg- ment consisting of a long basal part (which some- times shows superficial rings) and four terminal annuli. Proboscis short, seldom exceeding the height of the head. ................................. Chrysops. First two antennal segments short, seldom equalling together half the length of the third. Third antennal segment consisting of five to eight divisions. Pro- boscis often elongate. ............................... 3. 3. Third antennal segment consisting of a long basal part and four terminal annuli. Proboscis short. Wings
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54 Psyche [Sept.-Dec.
extensively blackish. Eyes bare. All posterior cells open .................................... Hemichrysops. Third antennal segment consisting of seven or eight ...
divisions ............................................ 4. 4. Eyes bare. Face not produced nor snout-like. Pro- boscis moderately long. First posterior cell closed. Fork of third longitudinal vein generally with an ..................................
appendix Esenbeckia.
Eyes hairy. Face more or less produced and snout-like. ..........................
Proboscis often very long. 5.
5. Third antennal segment of seven divisions, the first six bearing long finger-like processes. .................. 6.
Third antennal segment without finger-like processes . 7. 6. First divisions of third antennal segment bearing proc- esses only on the dorsal side; basal process longer than the others. .............................. Elaphella. First divisions of third antennal segment with, processes on both the dorsal and ventral sides; processes all about equally long. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pityocera. 7. First and fourth posterior cells closed and petiolate. Wings often with dark markings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Scione. First posterior cell closed or narrowly open, the fourth always open. Wings hyaline or smoky, never with prominent markings ................................. 8. 8. Cox2 and femora slightly pilose or nearly bare ... .Fidena. Cox2 and femora densely covered with long hairs. .Melpia. 9. First antennal segment more or less elongate, not less than one-fourth of the length of the third segment. Subepaulet bare, without macrotrichia.
Body with-
out green metallic scales. ............................ 10. First antennal segment short, about as long as thick; if longer, the body bears some green metallic scales. Abdomen broad and short ........................... 1 1. - 10. Abdomen broad and short. Third antennal segment slender, never with a basal process or tooth, at most somewhat widened or slightly produced near the base ....................................... Diachlorus. Abdomen slender, narrow and long. Third antennal segment with or without a tooth or finger-shaped process near the base. ..................... Acanthocera. 11. First antennal segment greatly inflated. Palpi very
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Tubunidae of Colombia
slender. Subepaulet bare, without macrotrichia. Up- per branch of third vein turned abruptly forward, joining the costa closer to the second vein than to the wing apex. Face much swollen at insertion of ...................................
antennae Bolbodimyia.
........... First antenna1 segment not inflated, normal. 12.
12. Base of third antennal segment with a long, slender, usually finger-shaped process reaching close to or .............. even beyond the first terminal annulus. 13.
Base of third antennal segment with or without dorsal angle or with a broad tooth which extends at most ....
midway to the base of the first terminal annulus. 16.
13. Subepaulet completely covered with macrotrichia. Fore ................
tibiae not inflated. Eyes bare.
Alliomma.
Subepaulet either bare or rarely with a few macro- .......................
trichia over a small area only.
14.
14. Body very stout, often densely hairy. At least fore tibiae inflated, often strongly so; hind tibiae densely fringed ..................
with long hairs. Eyes bare.
Stibasoma.
Body not especially stout nor hairy. Tibiae not appre- ciably inflated, at most with a few scattered long .............................................. hairs 15.
15. Eyes pilose or pubescent in both sexes, the hairs some- times short, scattered and easily overlooked. La-
bella small and compact, without shiny, sclerotized .......................................
areas Dasychela.
Eyes bare in both sexes. Labella more or less sclerotized .................................
and shiny Dichelacera.
16. All tibise strongly inflated. ............................ 17. Tibiae normal. Palpi dull and hairy. ................... 19. 17. Palpi normal, dull, hairy. Subcallus dull, pollinose. Bas- al division of third antennal segment scarcely longer than terminal annuli, with a strong, broad tooth. Sub- epaulet covered with macrotrichia . Stigmatophthalmus. Palpi flattened, shiny, bare. Subcallus denuded, shiny 18. 18. Third antennal segment with basal division long and wide, nearly four times as long as terminal annuli, provided with a very short, broad tooth. Subepaulet covered with macrotrichia. Body without metallic green scales .................................. Selasoma. Third antennal segment with basal portion narrow, with- *
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Psyche [Sept.-Dec.
out tooth. Subepaulet bare, without macrotrichia. Body with some metallic green scales. ....... Lepiselaga. Subepaulet bare, without macrotrichia, rarely with a few macrotrichia either restricted to a small area or much more scattered than on the base of the costa. .. 20. Subepaulet wholly covered with appressed macrotrichia, like the base of the costa. Frontal callus present. Labella fleshy, without shiny, sclerotized areas. ..... 2 5. No frontal callus. Labella short, with sclerotized, smooth and shiny areas. Body green or greenish in life ..................................... Chlorotabanus. Frontal callus present. ................................. 2 1. Third antennal segment of four divisions (only three well-marked annuli). Frons very broad; callus trans- verse, swollen, narrower than frons. Vertex of female with a small shiny area. Face with two deep, shiny pits .................................... Brachytabanus. Third antennal segment of five divisions (four terminal annuli) ; if some are partly fused, either frontal cal- lus as wide as frons, or vertex of female without shiny area, or face without deep,'shiny pits. ............... 2.2. Eyes pilose or pubescent in both sexes. Frons relatively wide, less than five times as high as wide, wit% a broad callus ................................. Agelanius. Eyes bare in both sexes ............................... 23. Vertex of female with a well-marked tubercle. Frons relatively narrow, at least five times as high as wide, with elongate callus. Labella fleshy or membranous, without shiny, sclerotized areas. .......... Stenotabanus. Vertex of female without tubercle, rarely with a small flat, denuded area; in doubtful cases, frons much broader ............................................. 24. Body unicolorous, more or less greenish or pale yellow in life. Frontal callus elongate. Labella with scle- rotized, shiny areas ........................ Cryptotylus. Body not greenish, usually with contrasting markings. Frontal callus as a rule wider than high and as wide as frons. Labella fleshy or membranous, without shiny, sclerotized areas. .................. Pho~otabanus. Vertex of female with a more or less prominent, de- nuded tubercle, sometimes with traces of ocelli. Eyes bare or pilose ............. ......................... 2 6.
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19461 Tabanidae of Colombia 57
Vertex of female without tubercle, flat. Eyes of female .............
bare, of male either bare or pilose.
Tabanus.
26. Vertex with at least traces of ocelli. Eyes in both sexes bare, unicolorous. Frons rather narrow. Scutellum covered with white or yellowish hairs. .... Leucotabanus. Vertex without even traces of ocelli. Eyes in both sexes pilose, pubescent or with a few scattered hairs; in life often with color bands in the female. Frons relatively .....................................
broad Hybomitra.
* 1.
Chrysops variegata ( Degeer ) . Synonyms : Tabanus varie- gatus Degeer, 17 76 ; Tabanus costatus Fabricius, 1794; Chry- sops subfascipennis Macquart, 18 5 5.
Antioquia: near Medellin (N. Weber ; also reported by Dunn, 1929) ; Porcecito', Rio Porce (N. Weber) . - Magdalena: Tucu- rinca (reported by Curran, 192 8). - Meta: El Caibe (reported by Antunes, 193 7) ; Villavicencio (J. Bequaert ) . - Putumayo : Puerto Lim6n (S. Renjifo) ; Mocoa (S. Renjifo) . - Santander Sur : Puerto Olaya (J. Bequaert) . - Valle del Cauca: Palmira (B. Losada S.) ; Hacienda La Carmelita, Rio Frio (S. Renjifo). - Vaupks: between San Jose del Guaviare and Calamar (A. Gast. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - Ad. Lutz (1909) and Krober (1925) reported this species from Colombia, without definite locality, as C. costatus and C. costatus var. subfasci- peks.
*2a. Chrysops laeta Fabricius, 1805.
Amazonas : El Encanto (recorded by Krober, 192 5). - An- tioquia: near Medellin (N. Weber) ; Porcecito, Rio Porce (N. Weber) . - Caqueta: Florencia (Rbmulo Patino). - Choc6: Andagoya (I?. Otoya. - Determined by G. Fairchild) ; Utria (J. Boshell. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - Meta: El Caibe (reported by Antunes, 193 7) ; Restrepo (J. Bequaert) ; Villavi- cencio (M. Bates; J. Bequaert) . - Putumayo: Puerto Limb (S. Renjifo) . - Valle del Cauca : Sonso (S. Renjifo) ; Hacienda El Tablazo, Tulua (S. Renjifo) . - Krober (192 5) records C. hta also from Bogota, but this locality is probably erroneous. 2 b. Chrysops laeta var . nigroviolacea Krober, 192 5. Amazonas: Rio Igara-ParanA (reported by Pechuman, 193 7). - Not seen by us from Colombia.
':3. Chrysops leucospila Wiedemann, 1 8 2 8. Boyad: Muzo (J. Bequaert) . - Meta : El Caibe (reported by Antunes, 193 7) ; Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by
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58 Psyche [Sept .-Dec .
G. Fairchild). - Vaupks: between San Jose del Guaviare and Calamar (A. Gast. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - First recorded from Colombia, without definite locality by Schiner (1868).
$4. Chrysops calogaster Schiner, 1868.
Boyack: Muzo (J. Bequaert) . - Choc6 : El Valle, Utria (J. Boshell. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - Cundimarca: Vil- leta (J. Bequaert) . - Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) . 3. Chrysops soror Krober, 192 5.
Boyacii: Muzo (J. Bequaert) .
6. Chrysops melasna Hine, 1 92 5.
Santander Sur: Jazmin (reported by Dunn, 1929). -Not seen by us from Colombia.
7. Chrysops incisa Macquart, 1845.
Originally described from the temperate regions of New Gre- nada, which may have meant Colombia, this species has not yet been properly recognized; but possibly C. auroguttata Krober is a synonym. - Not seen by us from Colombia. 8. Chrysops auroguttata Krober, 193 0.
One of the type specimens of this species was from Colombia, without definite locality. It may, however, be a synonym of C. incisa Macquart. Most probably the specimen, supposedly from Bogota, which Krober recorded in 1925 as C. incisa, was what he later described as C. auroguttata. -Not seen by us from Colombia.
^9. Chrysops renjifoi J. Bequaert, 1946. Valle del Cauca: Veneral, Rio Yurumangui (S. Renjifo), holotype and paratype of the species.
$10. Chrysops weberi J. Bequaert, 1946.
Vaupks: Mitu (P. Allen), paratype of the species. The holo- type is from British Guiana.
* 1 1. Chrysops chiriquensis Fairchild, 193 9. Magdalena : Cincinnati, Santa Marta region, one male ( W. M. Mann. - U.S.N.M.).
This appears to be the undescribed male of C. chiriquensis, a species known thus far only from Panama. It agrees with the female in many characters, particularly in the shape of the antennae and the presence of a median pollinose stripe on the fronto-clypeus (over the basal or upper half). The wing mark-
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1946 I Tabanidae of Colombia 59
ings are similar also, but the basal cells are much more exten- sively black. The abdominal pattern is the same, but the yellow markings are slightly smaller. Length, 7 mm., of wing 7.5 mm. The fronto-clypeus is much swollen and divided by a deep median saddle.
1 2, Hemichrysops fascipennis Krober, 1930. The type specimen was from Colombia, without more definite locality. - Not seen by us.
^ 13. Esenbeckia chagresensis Fairchild, 1942. Magdalena: Rio &io (G. Salt), one of the paratypes of the species;
* 14. Esenbeckia diaphana (Schiner ) . Synonym : Pangonia dia- phana Schiner, 1868.
Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) . - Putumayo : Puerto Limbn (S. Renjifo) ; Urcusique (S. Renjifo) ; San Pedro (S. Renjifo) . - Originally described from Colombia, without definite lo- cality.
* 15. Esenbeckia translucens ( Macquar t ) . Synonym : Pangonia translucens Macquart, 1846.
Boyach: Muzo (J. Bequaert) .
''> 16. Esenbeckia prasiniventris ( Macquart ) . Synonyms : Pan- gonia prasiniventris Macquart , 1846 ; Pangonia semiviridis Ricardo, 1900.
Cundinamarca : Bogota ( B . Guevara A. ) . - Magdalena : Rio Frio (G. Salt); Agua Duke, San Lorenzo Mts. (M. A. Car- riker) . - Originally described from Colombia, without definite locality. Krober's (1932~) locality La Guayra is in Venezuela, not Colombia.
1 7. Esenbeckia tinctipennis Krober, 193 1 d. Chocb: Condoto, type locality of the species. -Not seen by us.
1 8. Esenbeckia subvaria (Walker). Synonym : Ta banus sib varius Walker, 1848.
Krober ( 1932%) described the male of this species from Co- lombia, without definite locality. - Not seen by us. 19. Esenbeckia arcuata (Williston). Synonym : Pangonia arcu- ata Williston, 1895.
Krober (1932~) records a female of this species from Co-
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60 Psyche [Sept .-Dec.
lombia, without definite locality. -Not seen by us from Co- lombia.
*2 0. Esenbeckia illota var . osornoi Fairchild, 1942. Cundinamarca: Medina (J. V. Acufia) . - Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) , paratype of the variety. - Santander Sur : Rio Negro (J. V. Acufia) .
Pangonia ferruginea Macquart, 1838 (not of Meigen, l804), appears to be a synonym of one of the subspecies of E. illota Williston. Krober's ( 1932 c) f erruginea, from Venezuela, and Antunes' (1937) from Restrepo, were E. illota var. osornoi. Fairchild ( 1942 ) also records a specimen of the same form from Cristalina, Colombia (in Hine coll.), a locality unknown to us. *2 1. Esenbeckia testaceiventris (Macquart ) . Synonyms: Pan- gonvi testaceiventris Macquart, 1848 ; Esenb eckia sexmaculata Enderlein, 192 5.
Cundinamarca: Tapias Las Cruces, Bogota, one of the types of E. sexmaculata. - Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) . In addition we have seen a possibly undescribed species of Esenbeckia from Valle del Cauca : La Carmelita, Rio Frio (S. Renjifo) .
k 2 2. Elaphella cervus ( Wiedemann) . Synonym : Pangonia cervus Wiedemann, 1828.
Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert); Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - Putumayo: La Tagua R6- mu10 Patino).
Pityocera festce Giglio-Tos is fairly common in the Republic of Panama, but has not yet been taken in Colon~bia. As the type locality is in Darih, it may be expected to occur in Choc6. *2 3. Fidena gracilis (Krober ) . Synonym : Melpia gracilis Kro- ber, 1930g.
Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) ; Villavicencio (M. Bates). - Narifio : Pasto (B. Guevara A.) . - Originally described from Chiriqui, which is in Panama, not Colombia. *24. Fidena pubescens (Ad. Lutz). Synonym: Erephopsis pu- bescens Ad. Lutz, 1909.
Putumayo: Puerto Asis (S. Renjifo).
2 5. Fidena pyrausta (Osten Sacken) . Synonyms : Pangonia py- rausta Osten Sacken, 1886 ; Melpia auricauda Enderlein, 192 5, according to Fairchild, 194 1.
Boyacii: Muzo (type locality of auricauda) . - Enderlein
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19461 Tabanidae of Colombia 61
seemingly records his auricauda also from Bogota, but this is probably erroneous. Krober (1930g) referred two females from the Magdalena River, Colombia, to pyrausta. - Not seen by us from Colombia.
2 6. Fidena nigricorpus Krober, 1934. Synonym : Melpia nigri- cans Krober, 1930s'; not Erephopsis nigricans Ad. Lutz, 1909, now placed in Melpia.
Krober's types of his M. nigricans came from Colombia (without definitelocality) and Brazil. - Not seen by us. 2 7. Fidena auribarba (Enderlein) . Synonym : Melpia auribarba Enderlein, 192 5.
Enderlein described this species originally from Colombia, without definite locality ("Cordillera, tierra caliente") . He also described a F. auribarba var. albibarba (Enderlein, 192 5) from Colombia ("Cordillera, tierra caliente") . - Not seen by us. *2 8. Fidena aureopygia Krober, 193 1 a. Choc6: Opogod6, type locality of the species. - Valle del Cauca: Aji, Rio Naya (S. Renjifo) .
2 9. Fidena fulvosericea Krober, 193 la. This species was described from "Darikn, Colombia." The region known as Darih borders on the Gulf of Urabh and ex- tends more in the present territory of Colombia than in the Republic of Panama. - Not seen by us.
Krober (1930~) records as Sackenimyia analis (Fabricius) two females from Colombia ("Cordillera, tierra caliente") . It is impossible to decide to which genus they may have belonged. The identity of Fabricius' Pangonia analis (1805) is not settled. What Ad. Lutz referred (doubtfully) to analis was a species of Melpia ( = Bombylopsis Ad. Lutz), a genus not definitely known from Colombia.
Krober (1933a) also mentions having seen a female of Fidena sorbens (Wiedemann), at the Berlin Museum, labelled as from the Cordillera of Colombia. He doubts, however, the correct- ness of the locality, which we feel is certainly erroneous. It is most unlikely that this species from southern Brazil and Para- guay would occur in Colombia.
3 0.
Fidena columbiensis (Krober ) . Synonym : Melpia colum- biensis Krober, 1930g.
Choc6: Condoto ("Upper Condosa" is no doubt a misspelling
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62 Psyche ~sept.-UW.
of Rio Condoto, as "Condota" was of Condoto)) type locality of the species. - Not seen by us.
In addition we have seen from Colombia specimens of four species of Fidena thus far unrecognized from the descriptions. Some of these may be new.
*3 1. Scione aurulans ( Wiedemann) . Synonyms : Pangonia auru- lans Wiedemann, 183 0 ; Scione lurida Enderlein, 192 5. Magdalena: Vista Nieve, San Lorenzo Mts. (M. A. Car- riker) ; Cerro Quemado, San Lorenzo Mts. (M. C. Carriker). - One of the types of Scione lurida was from Colombia, without definite locality.
*32. Scione albifasciata (Macquart ) . Synonym : Pangonk albi- fasciata Macquart, 1846.
Choco : La Union (W. A. Archer). - Magdalena: San Lo- renzo Mts. (M. A. Carriker) ; northwestern Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (P. Darlington). - Originally described from "New Grenada," which may have meant Colombia. S. albifasciata is about the size of S. distincta, from which it differs mainly in the russet femora; the inner orbits of the fe- male converge slightly toward the vertex. *33. Scione distincta (Schiner ) . Synonym : Diclisa distincta Schiner, 1868.
Cundinamarca: Medina, Upper Rio Guacavia (J. V. Acuiia) . - Putumayo: Upper Rio Putumayo (B. Guevara A.) . - Kro- ber (1930h) reported this species from Colombia, without definite locality.
Smaller than S. maculipennis and with blackish femora, the inner orbits of the female decidedly converging toward the vertex; the divisions of the third antenna1 segment are not swollen.
*34. Scione maculipennis (Schiner ) . Synonym : DicUsa maculi- pennis Schiner, 1868.
Choco: La Union (W. A. Archer). -Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) ; Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fair- child).
Krober's (1930h) locality Guayaquil is in Ecuador, not Co- lombia. v. Roder (1886) recorded S. macuUpennis from "Cerro Munchigne," Colombia, a locality unknown to us; and Ricardo (1902 ) reported it from Bogota. It is not possible to refer these two records to one of the foregoing three species, which are so
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1946 J Tabanidae of Colombia 63
closely allied that Fairchild (1942) regarded them all as one and the same. We believe, however, that they are distinct. S. maculipennis is larger than the other two, with russet femora, the divisions of the third antenna1 segment slightly swollen and somewhat bead-like, the wing markings better defined (the pale areas being decidedly yellowish), and the frons of the female nearly parallel-sided.
3 5. Scione nigripes (Krober ) . Synonym: Rhinotriclista nigripes Krober, 1930.
This species, originally described from "New Grenada," with- out definite locality, may have come from somewhere in Co- lombia. - Not seen by us.
3 6. Scione obscurefemorata Krober, l93Oh. This species was originally described from Colombia, without definite locality ("Cordillera, tierra templada") . - Not seen by us.
3 7. Scione rufescens (Ricardo). Synonym: Erephrosis rufescens Ricardo, 1900.
Krober (1930h) reported this species from Bogota, Cundina- inarca. - Not seen by us.
^38. Scione minor (Macquart ) . Synonyms : Pangonia minor Macquart, 1847 ; Scione aurea Szilhdy, 192 6. Cundinamarca: Bosque Calderh, Bogota (J. Bequaert); Monserrate, Bogota (E. Osorno); Arrayan (E. Osorno) ; Bo- gota (B. Guevara A.). - Meta: without more definite locality (B. Guevara A.) . - Putumayo: Upper Rio Putumayo (B. Guevara A.) .
Macquart's Pangonia incompleta of 18 SO, from Colombia may have been this species, rather than his earlier P. incompleta of 1845.
*3 9.
Scione punctata Szilady, 192 6. Synonym : R hinotridista fiavescens Enderlein, 1930.
Magdalena: Sierra San Lorenzo (J. Ujhelyi, recorded by Szi- lady, 192 6)) the type locality; Vista Nieve, San Lorenzo Moun- tains (H. L. Viereck) . -Krober (193013) reported R. flavescens from Colombia ("Cordillera"), without definite locality. *40. Scione rufipes (Krober) . Synonym : Rhinotriclista rufipes Krober, 1940.
Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) .
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64 Psyche [Sept .-Dec.
41. Scione minuta Szilidy, 192 6.
Magdalena: Sierra San Lorenzo, the type locality. - Not seen by us.
42. Scione incompleta (Macquart) . Synonym: Pangonia incorn- pleta Macquart, 1845.
Originally described from Colombia ( 8 9 ), without more definite locality. Not seen by us.
In addition we have seen from Colombia specimens of two species of Scione, as yet unrecognized.
*43. Lepiselaga crassipes (Fabricius). Synonyms: Hcematopota cmssipes Fabricius, 1805; Lepiselaga recta Loew, 1869; Ta- bonus Zepidotus Wiedemann, 182 8. - The spelling Lepidoselaga Osten Sacken, 1876, is a superfluous emendation of Lepiselaga Macquart, 1838.
Caldas: La Dorada, Magdalena River (recorded by Dunn, 1929). - Choc6: Sautatk, Rio Atrato (S. Renjifo) . - Meta: Hacienda Yacuana near Villavicencio (E. Osorno) . - Naris0 : Rio Patia (recorded by Dunn, 1929). - Santander Sur : Pu- erto Olaya (J. Bequaert ) ; Barrancabermeja (J. V. Acufia) . - Valle del Cauca: Puerto Merizalde, Rio Naya (S. Renjifo) ; Cali, 3,260 ft. (Severe Quintero; E. I. Huntington; H. F. Schwarz). - The type locality of L. recta was New Grenada, which may have meant Colombia. We have seen Loew's types of L. recta at the Mus. Comp, Zool.
^44. Stibasoma fulvohirtum ( Wiedemann) . Synonyms : Ta banus julvohirtus Wiedemann, 1828 ; Tabanus compactus Walker, 1854.
Boyaca : Guaguaqui (S. Renjifo) . - Meta : Villavicencio (M. Bates). - First recorded from Colombia, without definite lo- cality, by Schiner ( 18 68).
45. Stibasoma chionostigma (Osten Sacken). Synonyms: Tah- nus chionostigma Osten Sacken, 1886 ; Stibasoma pachyce- phalum Bigot, 1892 ; Stibasoma fivistigma Hine, 19 12. Valle del Cauca : Buenaventura (recorded by Krober, 1932, as S. flavistigma. Also collected by Rodriguez in August, 1942, according to G. Fairchild's identification). -Not seen by us from Colombia.
46. Stigmatophthalmus lutzi Surcouf, 192 1, Gen. Insect., Taba- nidse, p. 54; 1923, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, XCI, (for 1922)) pt. 3, p. 242 ( ? ).
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1946~ Tabanzdae o\ Colombia . 61)
This species was described from Santa Fk de Bogota, first very briefly in 192 1 and later (1923) more in detail. We have not seen it; but from the descriptions it appears to be extremely close to, or possibly even identical with the genotype, S. alti- nagus Ad. Lutz. We have seen two females of S. altivagus, from Brazil. The genus appears to be close to Selasoma, though readily separated by the characters given in the key. It differs from Stibasoma, which it resembles superficially, in the short antennal tooth. S. Zutzi was omitted from Krober's Catalogue of Neotropical Tabanidae ( 1934).
4 7. Selasoma tibiale (Fabricius) . Synonym : Tabanus tibialis Fabricius, 1805.
Meta: Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fair- child). - Not seen by us from Colombia.
*48. Bolbodimyia bicolor Bigot, 1892. Synonym : A tylotus ery- throcephalus Bigot, 1892.
Boy&: Muzo (J. Bequaert ) . - Meta : Restrepo (J. Be- quaert) ; Retire near Villavicencio (E. Osorno) ; Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G: Fairchild). This species is extremely variable in color in the same local- ity. It may be completely black, with a black beard and black hairs on the pleura; or have the under side of the body, the entire head, most of the antennae and tibiae reddish, the beard and hairs on the pleura being also bright red. Some specimens are intermediate between these two extremes. Dichelacera Macquar t
We follow G. Fairchild (1943~) in subordinating Catachio- rops and Psalidia as subgenera to Dichelacera. Psalidia Enderlein ( 1922 ) has as type, by original designa- tion, Tabanus f urcatus Wiedemann, 182 8. This group was origi- nally proposed, as a genus, for Neotropical Tabaninae with a long, finger-shaped basal process on the third antennal segment and the first posterior cell closed and stalked before the margin of the wing. In the more complete diagnosis of 1925, Enderlein states that the eyes are bare. The closed or open first posterior cell is not a character of generic value in Tabaninee. Only spe- cies with the subepaulet bare or with a few macrotrichia only should be included.
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66 a Psyche [Sept .-Dec.
KEY TO SUBGENERA
1. Labella large, about half the length of the proboscis, mostly soft and pollinose, but with a small, shiny, ..
sclerotized area near the base.
.Subgenus Catachlorops.
Labella small, hardly one-third of the length of the pro- .................. boscis, mostly shiny and sclerotized 2.
2. Frons narrow; callus not as wide as frons. Thorax and abdomen without transverse markings. Species gen- ...............
erally 15 mm. or longer.
Subgenus Psalidia.
Frons moderately to very broad; callusas wide as frons. Thorax and abdomen with prominent transverse mark- ........ ings. Species generally less than 12 mm. long. . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subgenus Dichelacera, proper. *49. Dichelacera (Dichelacera) analis Hine, 192 0. Synonym : Dichelacera costaricensis Krober, 193 1g. Choc6: El Valle, Utria (J. Boshell. -Determined by G. Fairchild) ; Andagoya (I?. Otoya. - Determined by G. Fair- child) ; Condoto, one of the type localities of D. costakensis. - Valle del Cauca: Puerto Merizalde, Rio Naya (S. Renjifo) . * 5 0. Dichelacera (Dichelacera) marginata Macquar t, 184 7. Choc6: Llor6 (S. Renjifo) ; Rio Cabi near Quibdb (S. Ren- jifo) ; Andagoya (D. Augustine; F. Otoya) . - Meta: Villavi- cencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - San- tander Sur : Jazmin (recorded by Dunn, 192 9). - Valle del Cauca: Quebrada San Joaquin near Buenaventura (S. Renjifo) . *5 1. Dichelacera (Dichelacera) regina Fair child, 1940. Cauca: Rio Micay (S. Renjifo). - Chocb: Istmina (S. Ren- jifo) ; Rio Nimiquia (E. Osorno and J. Boshell) . - Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) . - Valle del Cauca : Rio Anchicaya, at Kilom. 87 on road from Cali to Buenaventura (S. Renjifo); Puerto Merizalde, Rio Naya (S. Renjifo) ; Veneral, Rio Yuru- mangui (S. Renjifo) .
Dichelacera scapularis Macquart ( 184 7) was recorded by Dunn (1929) from La Dorada, Caldas. The identification ap- pears to be open to question, as this species is known with cer- tainty only from Mexico and the Republic of Honduras. *52. Dichelacera (Dichelacera) submarginata Ad. Lutz, 19 15. Meta : Villavicencio (M. Bates). - Putumayo: La Tagua (ROmulo Patifio).
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53. Dichelacera (Dichelacera) rufipennis ( Macquart ) . Synonym : Tabanus rufipennis Macquart, 1838.
This species was originally described from Brazil. In 1845, Macquart referred to it a female from New Grenada, which may have meant Colombia. Whether this specimen was cospecific with the type seems doubtful. - Not seen by us. 54. Dichelacera ( ? Catachlorops) nigripalpis ( Macquar t ) . Syno- nym: Tabanus nigripalpis Macquart, 1845. This species was originally described without definite local- ity from "the temperate regions of New Grenada," which may have meant Colombia. The description is rather vague as to the shape of the antenna, the third segment having a "pointe assez forte." Krober (193 I), who never saw it, placed it tenta- tively in Catachlorops. - Not seen by us. * 5 5. Dichelacera (Catachlorops) testacea Macquart, 1846. Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) ; Villavicencio (M. Bates). - .
Yaupes: between San Jose de Guaviare and Calamar (A. Gast). - Originally described from Colombia, without more definite locality.
5 6. Dichelacera ( ? Catachlorops) quadrimaculata ( Macquar t ) . Synonyms: Tabanus quadrimaculatus Macquart, 1845 ; Taba- nus pcecilopterus Schiner, 1868.
T. quadrimacdatus was originally described without definite locality from "New Grenada," which may have meant Colombia. - Not seen by us.
* 5 7. Dichelacera (Catachlorops) rufescens (Fabricius) . Syno- nym : Tabanus rufescens Fabricius, 1805. Magdalena: Vista Nieve, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (H. Viereck) .
* 5 8. Dichelacera (Catachlorops) transposita Walker, 18 54. Colima: La Brea (S. Renjifo). - Valle del Cauca: Puerto Merizalde, Rio Naya (S. Renjifo). -This species was origi- nally described from the "West Coast of America," which may possibly have been in Colombia.
* 5 9. Dichelacera (Psalidia) vespertina, new name. Synonym : Tabanus elongatus Macquart, 1846; not of Wiedemann, 182 8. Chocb: Rio Nimiquia (E. Osorno and J. Boshell). - Cundi- namarca:
Bogota (B. Guevara. - This locality needs to be confirmed). - Meta: Villavicencio (G. Fairchild) ; Restrepo (J. Bequaert) . - Valle del Cauca : La Carmelita, Rio Frio (S.
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68 Psyche ~~ept.-uec.
Renjifo) . - The species was originally described by Macquart from the temperate regions of "New Grenada,'' which may have meant Colombia.
*60. Dichelacera (Psalidia) fulminea (Hine). Synonyms: Ta- bonus julmineus Hine, 1920; Tabanus festivus Hine, 1920, not of Wiedemann, 182 8 ; Psalidia ocellata Enderlein, 192 5 ; pos- sibly also Bellardia furcata Bigot, 1892 (described without lo- cality), which name is antedated in Dichelacera by Dichelacera (Psalidia) furcata (Wiedemann, 1828).
Boyach: Muzo, the type locality of PsaZidia ocellata (also collected by J. Bequaert and by A. Gast). - Enderlein's addi- tional locality "Bogota" probably was only the place from which the specimen was shipped to Europe.
6 1. Dichelacera (Psalidia) cinnamomea (Schiner ) . Synonyms : Tabanus cinnamomeus Schiner, 1868 ; and, according to Kro- ber (l93l), Chelommia fibulata Enderlein, 1922 and 1925. Schiner's specific name is not duplicated by the earlier Tabanus cinnamoneus Doleschall, 1858, which is spelled otherwise. Enderlein's types of C. fibdata came from Colombia: Guay- abal (Valle del Cauca) ; Cartago (Valle del Cauca) ; and Alto do Muelas (?error for Alto de las Mulas; not located). - Not seen by us.
62. Dichelacera ( PPsalidia) peruviana (Macquart ) . Synonym : Tabanus pemvianus Macquart, 1848.,
Krober (1931~) records this species from Colombia, without more definite locality. - Not seen by us. Dasychela Enderlein, 192 2
(~iclhdocera Enderlein, 1922 ; not of Ad. Lutz, 1912) The generic name Dicladoce~a was first proposed on p. 29 of an anonymous pamphlet published at Rio de Janeiro in 1909, with the title: "Institute Oswaldo Cruz em Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro." The author of the name was certainly Ad. Lutz, as he repeated this and other generic names proposed in the pam- phlet in his later publications. No characters were mentioned in 1909, but the following seven described species were in- cluded: "D. immaculata Macquart, D. furcata Wiedemann 'Krober's (1940) statement that "Dr. Lutz established this genus in 1900, in Mem. Inst. Osw. Cruz, p. 29" is erroneous. Krober's method of determining the genotype by elimination is no longer the accepted procedure.
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19461 Tabanidae of Colombia 69
(macrodoqta Macquart), D. potator Wiedemann, D. guttipennis Wiedemann, D. macula (scutellata) Macquart, D. luctuosa Macquart, D. rufipennis Macquart." As the genus was not de- fined in 1909, the rules of nomenclature might be interpreted so as to make the 1909 name a nomen nudum, notwithstanding the citation of several described species. The first valid use of Dicladocera, according to the prevailing rules, appears to be by Ad. Lutz in 1912 (Comm. Linhas Telegr. Estrat. Matto Grosso Amazonas, Annex0 No. 5, Hist. Nat., Zool., Tabanideos, p. 4), when he described the new species Dicladocera unicolor. The correct genotype would then be D. unicolor, by monotypy, as Bequaert stated in 1924 (Psyche, XXXI, p. 28). Enderlein in 1922 (Mitt. 2001. Mus. Berlin, X, pt. 2, p. 346) selected as genotype "D. guttipennis ( Wiedemann, 182 8) " = Tabanus guttipennis Wiedemann, 182 8. Although this species was included by Ad. Lutz in 1909, it was not mentioned by him in 1912, when the generic name was first validly proposed. Un- fortunately, from Lutz' description and figure his D. unicolor does not appear to be congeneric with T. guttipennis, as the eyes are presumably bare and the tooth of the third antennal seg- ment is only moderately long. For this reason we feel impelled to discard Dicladocera for the group thus called by Enderlein, Krober and Fairchild, and to use instead the name Dasychela Enderlein, 1922 (Mitt. 2001. Mus. Berlin, X, pt. 2, p. 380; monotypic for D. limbativena Enderlein, 1922). This name was dropped by Enderlein in 192 5, as he then described limbativena as a species of Dicladocera.
Dasychela includes here all Neotropical Tabaninae with nor- mal tibiae, a bare or almost bare subepaulet (sometimes with a narrow patch of a few macrotrichia near the middle), a long and often finger-shaped upper process near the base of the third antennal segment, and hairy or pubescent eyes (hairs sometimes short, scattered and easily overlooked). Enderlein at first (1922) placed his Dicladocera in the key as if the eyes were bare; but he corrected this error later (1925). The eyes are distinctly pubescent in D. guttipennis.
Stypochela Enderlein, 192 2. This genus was originally pro- posed for a single species, Stypochela bogotana Enderlein, 192 2, on the strength of the slender, narrow body and the presence of an appendix to the fork of the third longitudinal vein. These characters are scarcely of even subgeneric value. We should
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70 Psyche [Sept.-Dec.
have united StyPochela with Dicladocera, were it not that Kro- ber found the type of S. bogotana to have only three, instead of four, terminal annuli to the third antenna1 segment. The eyes are pubescent. .
63. Dasychela perplexa (Walker). Synonym : Ta banus perplexus Walker, 1850.
This species was originally described from Colombia, without more definite locality. Krober ( 1940) redescribed the type. - Not seen by us.
^64. Dasychela macula (Macquart). Synonyms: Tabanus ma- cula Macquart, 1845 ; Tabanus auriba~bis Macquart, 1848; Tabanus argyrophorus Schiner, 18 68 ; Tabanus suhacula Walker, 1850.
Magdalena: northwestern Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (P. Darlington) ; San Lorenzo Mts. (reported by Krober, 1940). - Valle del Cauca: La Cumbre (Collector?). - T. submacula Walker was originally described from Colombia, without defi- nite locality. Surcouf (1919) recorded T. auribarbis from the Valley of the Magdalena River.
Krober (1940) includes also Tabanus scutellatus Macquart (1838) among the synonyms of D. macula. Specimens from southern Brazil, before us, agree perfectly with Macquart's description, but are very distinct from D. macula. Among other points, the eyes are completely bare, which places the species in the subgenus Psalidia. Moreover, what Ad. Lutz reported from southern Brazil as D. macula, appears to have been mostly, if not always, D. scutellata (Macquart).
6 5. Dasychela acheronitens (Krober ) . Synonym : Dicladocera acheronitens Krober, 193 1g.
The original description was made partly on specimens from Colombia, without more definite locality. -Not seen by us from Colombia.
66. Dasychela limbativena Enderlein, 192 2. Synonym: Diclado- cera limbativena Enderlein, 192 5.
The type locality of this species is given as "Colombia: Bo- goti, Guayabal." This Guayabal is most probably in Valle del Cauca. Bogota appears to be in this case merely the locality from which the specimen was shipped to Europe. -Not seen by us from Colombia; but we studied a female from Ecuador.
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1946 1 Tabanidae of Colombia 7 1
6 7. Dasychela steinheili (Enderlein) . Synonym : Dicladocera steinheili Enderlein, 192 5.
The type locality of this species is given as "Colombia: Bo- gota, Quindin." This was evidently a misspelling of Quindio, a district in the northeastern corner of Valle del Cauca and the adjoining sections of Caldas and Tolima. - Not seen by us. *68. Dasychela basirufa (Walker). Synonyms: Tabanus busi- rufus Walker, 18 50 ; Dicladocera pallidetibia Krober, 1940. Cundinamarca: Guasca (E. A. Chapin). - Originally de- scribed from Colombia, without more definite locality. The hairy eyes and long antennal tooth, curved downward, refer the species to Dasychela.
*69. Dasychela caloptera ( Schiner ) . Synonym : Tabanus calop- terns Schiner, 1868.
Magdalena: Cincinnati, Santa Marta (W. M. Mann). - Krober (1940) recorded this species from Colombia, without definite locality.
70. Dasychela (Stypochela) bogotana (Enderlein) . Synonym : Stypochela bogotana Enderlein, 192 2 and 192 5. This species was originally described with the following lo- calities: "Columbien, Bogota, Cartago und Las Pavas - Piod- saa Molar." Both Cartago and Las Pavas are in Valle del Cauca; the locality Bogota is probably erroneous, being merely the place from which the specimens were shipped to Europe. - Not seen by us.
Alliomma Borgmeier, 1934
Alliomma was proposed by Borgmeier (1934, Rev. de Ento- mologia, IV, pt. 2, pp. 222, footnote, and 269), with Ommallia thiemeana Enderlein as type, for Krober's Ommallia of 1931 (Rev. de Entomologia, I, pt. 3, p. 293). The type of Enderlein's genus Ommallia (1923) is Ommallia viridis Enderlein, a species not congeneric with 0. thiemeana and now placed in Cryptotylus. The name Alliomma should be used for a group of species more closely related to the subgenus Tabanus, proper, than to Diche- lacera. While these species agree with Dichelacera and Dasy- chela ( = Dicladocera of most authors) in the long, finger-shaped extension of the base of the first antennal segment, they differ by the subepaulet completely covered with macrotrichia. The eyes are bare.
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72 Psyche [Septa-Dec.
*7 1. Alliomma macquarti (Schiner ) . Synonyms : Tabanus mac- quayti Schiner, 1868; Tabanus rub Macquart, 1845, not of Thunberg, 182 7 ; Tabanus infuscatipennis "Macquart" Surcouf , 1919, Mesure Arc Equat. Mkridien, X, p. 230; Tabanus inde- scriptus "Schiner" Krober, 193 1 e ; Gymnochela bigoti Krober, 193 1, Zoolog. Anzeiger, XCVI, p. 50, fig. 1 ; not Tabanus bigoti Bellardi, 1859.
Boyack: Muzo (J. Bequaert). - Meta: Restrepo (J. Be- quaert ; W. H. W . Komp) ; Villavicencio (J. Bequaert ) . - Putumayo : Puerto Limh (S. Renjifo) . - Vaupks: Mitu (P. Allen).
The complicated synonymy of this species appears to be as follows: (1) Schiner described his T. macquarti from a female said to have come from Colombia and his description fits our specimens. He gave both T. apicalis Macquart and T. rubidus Macquart as doubtful synonyms; but neither of these species were Schiner's macquarti in our opinion. (2) Macquart gave Mexico as the locality of his T. ruber; but Surcouf (1919) states that the specimen at the Paris Museum, presumably the type of yuber, bears two labels one in Macquart's hand "Colombie" ; the other "Brksil, Gukrin-Mkneville." Surcouf redescribed ruber from this specimen, for which he also found and published the manuscript name injuscatipennis. Our Colombian specimens agree with Surcouf's description. (3) Krober described "Gym- nochela bigot?' evidently from Schiner's type of T. macqwti, although he says that the specimen came from Venezuela. His description and figures fit the Colombian specimens which we call macqua~ti. Krober was mistaken, we believe, in referring his specimen to T. bigoti Bellardi, which was a substitute name for Tabanus apicalis Macquart, 1847 (not of Wiedemann, 1828), Bellardi's description being based on Macquart7s type. The true bigoti is a Tabanus with a short tooth on the third antenna1 segment, as described by Osten Sacken for the female in 1886 (Biol. Centr. Amer., Dipt., I, p. 48). Osten Sacken was in error, however, when he cited as a synonym of his bigoti, T. macquarti Schiner, which has a very long antenna1 tooth. The true T. bigoti was correctly recognized by Fairchild (19430, p. 442, figs. 4 and 5). (4) Tabanus indescriptus "Schiner" is a manuscript name which Krober (193le) found with the type of T. macquarti.
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19461 Tabanidae of Colombia 73
*72. Alliomma thiemeana (Enderlein) . Synonyms : Ommallia thiemea~a Enderlein, 1925; Ommallia intewupta Enderlein, 1925.
Valle del Cauca : Cali (B. Losada. - U. S. N. M.) . - Both 0. thiemeana and 0. interrupts were originally described from Colombia, without definite locality ("Cordillera, tierra cali- ente") .
73. Alliomma brevihamus (Enderlein). Synonym: Ommallia brevihamus Enderlein, 192 5.
Originally described from Colombia, without definite locality ("Cordillera, tierra caliente") . Not seen by us. *74. Chlorotabanus inanis (Fabricius) . Synonym: Tabanus in- anis Fabricius, 1 78 7.
Meta: El Caibe (reported by Antunes, 1937) ; Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fairchild) ; Restrepo (J. Be- quaert) . - Putumayo : Mocoa (S. Renjifo) ; Rio Putumayo, between Itiquilla and Puerto Arana (S. Renjifo) ; La Tagua (ROmulo Patifio) .
* 7 5. Chlorotabanus mexicanus (Linnaeus) . Synonym : Ta banus mexicanus Linnaeus, 1 7 6 7.
Antioquia : Murind6 (reported by Dunn, 192 9) ; Providencia (F. L. Gallego). - Cauca: Rio Micay (S. Renjifo). - Choc6: along the Atrato River (reported by Dunn, 1929) ; Arquia (re- ported by Dunn, 1929) ; Andagoya (D. Augustine) . - Reported from the Magdalena River by Krober (193 1)) and also taken there by M. Hertig.
^ 76. Cryptotylus unicolor ( Wiedema~n) . Synonym : Tabanus unicolor Wiedemann, 182 8.
Meta: Hacienda Yacuana near Villavicencio (E. Osorno) . - Reported from the Magdalena River by Krober (19326). 7 7. Cryptotylus limonus ( Townsend). Synonyms : Ta banus mexicanus var. Zimonus Townsend, 189 7 ; OmmaZZia viridis En- derlein, 192 5.
Meta: Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fair- child). - 0. viridis was originally described from Colombia, without definite locality ("Cordillera, tierra caliente") . - Not seen by us from Colombia.
*78. Leucotabanus leucaspis ( Wiedemann) . Synonym : Tabanus leucaspis Wiedemann, 1 82 8.
BoyacA: Guaguaqui (S. Renjifo). - Meta: El Caibe (re-
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74 Psyche [Sept.-Dec.
ported by Antunes, 193 7) ; Rio Negro, 2 0 Kiloni. south of Vil- lavicencio (J. Bequaert) ; Restrepo (J. Bequaert; W. H. W. Komp); Villavicencio (M. Bates. -Determined by G. Fair- child). - Santander Sur : Rio Negro (J. V. Acufia) . - Valle del Cauca: Hacienda La Carmelita, Rio Frio (S. Renjifo). - Vaup6s: between San Jose del Guaviare and Calamar (A. Gast. - Determined by G. Fairchild).
* 79. Leucotabanus flavinotum (Krober ) . Synonyms : Tabanus nigriflavus Krober, 1931, not of Krober, 1930; Tabanus ftavi- notum Krober, 1934.
Boyaca: Muzo (J. Bequaert).
80. Leucotabanus canithorax Fairchild, 194 1. Synonym : Taba- nus albicans Macquart, 1845, not of Macquart, 1834 or 1838. Magdalena : Sevilla (reported by Curran, 192 8). Macquart's T. albicans of 1845 was based on a male from Colombia, without more definite locality. Krober (1929) de- scribed what he assumed to be the female, also from Colombia, without more definite locality. Fairchild ( 194 1 ) doubts whether this female was actually cospecific with Macquart's male. - Not seen by us from Colombia.
*8 la. Hybomitra quadripunctata (Fabricius) . Synonyms : Ta- banus quadripunctatus Fabricius, 1805. Tabanus punctipennis Macquart, 1838; Tabanus nig~opunctatus Bellardi, 1859. Antioquia: Medellin, 1538 m. (E. A. Chapin; H. Daniel; F. L. Gallego). - Meta: Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Deter- mined by G. Fairchild). - Valle del Cauca: Tres Esquinas, Habana, Buga (S. Renjifo) ; Buenaventura. *8 1 b .
Hybomitra quadripunctata var . amabilis Walker. Syno- nyms: Tabanus amabilis Walker, 1848; Tabanus maczilipennis Macquart, 1834 and 1845, not of Wiedemann, 1828; Hypo- pelma quadripunctata aberr. dasyphyrtina Enderlein, 192 5. Meta:
Restrepo (J. Bequaert; also reported by Antunes, 193 7). - Enderlein (192 5) reported the var. amabilis under the name Dasyphyrta maculipennis, from Colombia, without definite locality ("Cordillera, tierra templada") . 82. Hybomitra ( ?) bogotana (Enderlein) . Synonynl : Dasyom- mia bogotana Enderlein, 192 5.
Cundinamarca : Bogota (Steinheil) , the type locality of the species. As the type lacked the third antenna1 segment, the cor- rect place of this species remains obscure. - Not seen by us.
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19461 Tabanidae of Colombia 75
*83. Hybomitra minos (Schiner ) . Synonym : Tabanus minos Schiner , 1 8 6 8.
Santander: Paramo del Almorzadero, 14,000 ft., one male (A. Gast) .
The male which we refer to H, minos agrees with Schiner's (1868) and Krober's (1940) descriptions of the female, except for purely sexual differences.
*84. Hybomitra indiorum, new name. Synonym: Tabanus rufi- ventris Macquart, 1845; not of Fabricius, 1805, nor of Mac- quart, 1838.
Caqueta: Florencia (ROmulo Patifio) .
This species was originally described as from Sante F6 de Bogota. We believe we have recognized it in a series of females from Florencia, which agree well with the description. There are a few short hairs on the eyes and the frontal callus is of the elongate, broad type found in the other species of Hybomitra. * 8 5. Hybomitra rubiginipennis ( Macquar t ) . Synonyms : Taba- nus rubiginipennis Macquart, 1845; Tabanus adustus Walker, 1850.
Meta :
Restrepo (J. Bequaert ) . - H. mbigimpennis was originally described from the temperate regions of "New Gre- nada," which may have meant Colombia. T. adustus was de- scribed from Colombia, without more definite locality. Krober ( 1940), who synonymized these two species, included rubigini- pennis in Dicladocera; but both he and Macquart figure the third antenna1 segment correctly with a short, though strong tooth. The eyes bear a few scattered short hairs, easily over- looked, which explains why neither Macquart nor Walker men- tioned them.
*86. Phaeotabanus (Aegialomyia) cinereus (Wiedemann). Syno- nym: Tabanus cinereus Wiedemann, 182 1.
Meta: Villavicencio, on a sandy river beach (G. Fairchild). According to Dr. Fairchild, the eyes of the female are in life purple with two green cross-bands. The median purple streak is darker than the upper and lower corners. The species seems to fit best in Aegialomyia Philip, a group which appears to be only subgenerically distinct from Phceota- banus.
*8 7.
Brachytabanus longipennis (Krober ) . Synonym : Stenot a- banus longipennis Krober, l93Oa.
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76 Psyche [Sept .-Dec.
BoyacA: Muzo (J. Bequaert) . - Meta: Villavicencio (J. Bequaert). - Santander Sur: Bocas del Rosario, Rio Magda- lena, male taken at light (J. Bequaert). -Also taken by E. Osorno on the Upper Magdalena River, exact locality unknown. *88. Stenotabanus obscurus Krober, l93Oa. Putumayo : Urcusique (S. Renjifo) .
In life the eyes of the female are dark purple with two green cross-bands.
*89. Stenotabanus maculifrons (Hine) . Synonym : Tabanus ma- culifrons Hine, 1907.
Meta : Restrepo (reported by Antunes, 193 7) ; Rio Caney near Restrepo (J. Bequaert ) ; Villavicencio (M. Bates. - De- termined by G. Fairchild). - Also taken by E. Osorno on the Upper Magdalena River, exact locality unknown. *90. Stenotabanus cajennensis (Fabricius) . Synonym : Tabanus ca jennensis Fabricius, 1 78 7.
Meta: region of Rio Negro, south of Villavicencio (J. Be- quaert) . - Tolima: between Mediacion and Ibague, 1500 to 2 500 m. (reported by Therese von Bayern, 1903. - The occur- rence of this lowland species at such high altitude appears some- what open to question).
*9 1. Stenotabanus pequeniensis Fairchild, 1942 e. Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert), locality of some of the para- types.
92. Stenotabanus ( ? ) detersus (Walker). Synonym: Tabanus deter'sus Walker, 1850.
Originally described from Colombia, without more definite locality. Krober (1930e) redescribed the type, but could not decide whether to place it in Stenotabanus or in Macrocormus. - Not seen by us.
*93. Agelanius columbianus (Enderlein) . Synonyms : Archi- platius columbianus Enderlein, 192 5 ; Dasybasis columbiana Stone, 1944.
Cundinamarca: Monserrate near Bogota, 3,000 m. (E. Osor- no), male and female. -A female at the U. S. Nat. Mus. is merely labelled "Colombia." - Originally described from Co- lombia, without definite locality: "Cordillera, tierra templada." *94. Agelanius osornoi J. Bequaert, 1947. (See appendix to this paper).
Cundinamarca : Monserrate near Bogota, 3,000 m. (Her- nando Osorno), type locality of the species.
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Tabanidae of Colombia
Tabanus Linnaeus
1. Abdomen with one, two, or three pale longitudinal stripes or rows of contiguous or nearly contiguous spots. Wings hyaline or smoky, or faintly clouded along the veins. Eyes of female bare, green with two or three dark cross-bands in life; of male bare or hairy, with or without an area of larger facets. Subgenus Neotabanus. Abdomen usually without longitudinal stripes or rows of . spots; if with rows of spots, the eyes of female un- ...............
bandedor with onlyone bandinlife.. 2.
2. Disk of scutellum with a conspicuous spot of black pu- bescence, more or less surrounded by a ring of white hairs. Eyes of female unbanded. Subgenus Lophotabanus. No spot of black pubescence on scutellum; sometimes a small prescutellar patch of black hairs. ............... 3. Wings prominently clouded or spotted with brown, sel- dom mostly black, as a rule with hyaline areas about the cross-veins. Frons usually very narrow, with ridge-like callus. Eyes of female unhanded . . . . . ......................... Subgenus Philipotabanus. Wings hyaline, smoky, entirely black, or spotted at the cross-veins; in doubtful cases frons otherwise. . . . . 4. Relatively slender species. Third antennal segment not crescent-shaped, only slightly angular near the upper base. Upper branch of third longitudinal vein with a very long appendix ............. Subgenus Macrocormus. Stout species. Third antennal segment crescent-shaped, with a strong tooth near the upper base. Upper branch of third longitudinal vein normally without appendix. .............................. Subgenus Tabanus, proper. *9 5 a. Tabanus (Neotabanus ) lineola var. carneus Bellardi. Syno- nyms: Tabanus carneus Bellardi, 1859 ; Tabanus appendiculatus Hine, 1906.
Amazonas: Caucaya (S. Renjifo); Tarapaca (S. Renjifo). - Antioquia: near Porcecito, Rio Porce (N. Weber) ; El DOS, Turbo (S. Renjifo) ; Micuro, Rio Leon (S. Renjifo) ; Puerto Berrio (reported by Dunn, 1929). - Atlhtico: Puerto Co- lombia (J. Bequaert) ; Calamar (J. Bequaert) ; Barranquilla (reported by Krober, 19336) ; Sabanilla (reported by Krober,
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18 Psyche [Sept.-Dec.
1933 6). - Boyacii: Muzo (J. Bequaert) . - ChocO : Andagoya (D. Augustine) ; Sautatii (S. Renjif 0). - Magdalena : Sevilla (G. Salt) ; Rio Frio (G. Salt). - Meta: Restrepo (J. Be- quaert) ; Villavicencio (J. Bequaert ; M. Bates). - Putumayo : La Tagua (R6mulo Patiiio). - Santander Sur : Bocas del Ro- sario (J. Bequaert); Puerto Wilches (reported by Dunn, 1929) ; Barranca (reported by Dunn, 1929) ; Barrancabermeja (J. Bequaert ; also reported by Dunn, 1929). - Valle del Cauca: Hacienda La Brisa, Ginebra (S. Renjifo) ; Ginebra (S. Renjifo) ; Hacienda El Tablazo, Tulua (S. Renjifo) ; Tres Esquinas, Habana, Buga (S. Renjifo) ; Guayabal, Rio Cajambre (S. Renjifo); Hacienda La Carmelita, Rio Frio (S. Renjifo); Hormiguero (H. F. Schwarz) .
*9 5 6. Tabanus (Neotabanus) lineola var. stenocephalus Hine. Synonym: Tabanus stenocephalus Hine, 1906. Meta : Villavicencio (M. Bates).
* 9 5 c. Tabanus (Neotabanus) lineola var . plangens Walker. Syno- nym: Tabanus plangens Walker, 1854.
Amazonas: Tarapaca (S. Renjifo) . - Boyack: Casanare (L. Patiiio-Camargo) . - Choc6: Rio Atrato (reported by Fairchild, 1942) ; north of the mouth of the Rio Arquia, Rio Atrato (reported by Krober, 1933 6). - Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert ) ; Villavicencio (J. Bequaert ) . - Putumayo : San Pedro (S. Renjifo) ; Puerto Limh (S. Renjifo) ; La Tagua (R6mulo Patiiio). - Valle del Cauca: Buenaventura (N. Weber) . - Vaupks : between San Jose de Guaviare and Calamar (A. Gast. - Determined by G. Fairchild). *9 6. Tabanus (Neotabanus) hookeri Knab, 19 15. Magdalena: Santa Marta (J. H. Egbert) . - Valle del Cauca: Cali, 3,260 ft. (H. F. Schwarz. - Reported by J. Be- quaert, 1940).
*9 7. Tabanus (Neotabanus) fumatipennis Krober, 1933 6. Antioquia : El DOS, Turbo (S. Renjifo) . - Meta: Villavi-
cencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - Putu- mayo : Mocoa (S. Renjifo) ; San Pedro (S. Renjifo) . - Valle del Cauca: Hacienda La Carmelita, Rio Frio (S. Renjifo) ; Guayabal, Rio Cajambre (S. Renjifo) .
*9 8. Tabanus (Neotabanus) restrepoensis Fairchild, 1942. Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert), the type locality of the spe- cies; Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fairchild).
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99. Tabanus (Neotabanus ) lucidecallosus Fair child, 1942. Meta: Restrepo (determined by G. Fairchild). - Not seen by us from Colombia.
* 100. Tabanus (Neotabanus) cicur Fairchild, 1942. Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert; P. C. A. Antunes), the type locality of the species; La Union, 12 Kilom. east of Restrepo (J. Bequaert) .
* 10 1. Tabanus (Neotabanus) amplifrons Krober , 193 3 6. Meta: Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fair- child) ; Restrepo (J. Bequaert) . - Santander Sur : Puerto Olaya (J. Bequaert) . - Vaupks : between San Jose del Gua- viare and Calamar (A. Gast. - Determined by G. Fairchild). *102. Tabanus (Neotabanus) columbus Fairchild, 1942. Magdalena: Ciknaga (G. Salt). - Vaupks: between San Jose del Guaviare and Calamar (A. Gast. - Determined by G. Fairchild).
* 103. Tabanus (Neotabanus) stuppeus Fairchild, 1942. Meta: La Union, 12 Kilom. east of Restrepo (J. Bequaert). The foregoing two species are very poorly defined and we are inclined to regard them as one and the same. Our specimens were compared with the types.
^ 104. Tabanus (Neotabanus) angustivitta Krober . Synonym : Tabanus dorsiger var. angustivitta Krober, 192 9. Meta: Villavicencio (M. Bates. - Determined by G. Fair- child) ; Restrepo (J. Bequaert, reported by G. Fairchild, 1942). - Valle del Cauca: Hacienda San Jose, Bugalagrande (S. Ren- jifo). - This species was reported from Colombia as T. truquii by J. Bequaert, 1940.
* 105. Tabanus (Neotabanus) comitans Wiedemann, 182 8. Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert) .
1 06. Tabanus (Neotabanus) colombensis Macquart, 1845. This species was originally described from Colombia, without definite locality. The abdomen was said to have two longi- tudinal yellowish-white stripes. - Not seen by us.l * 107. Tabanus (Tabanus) lividus Walker, 1848. Synonym : Ta- banus viduus Walker, 1850.
Amazonas :
Leticia (S. Renjif 0). - Boyaci : Muzo (J. Be- The Tabanus trilineatus, recorded by Curran (1928) from Sevilla (Magda- Iena) was no doubt one of the species of Neotabanus listed in this paper; but it is impossible to decide which species, without seeing the specimen.
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quaert) . - Meta : Villavicencio (M. Bates) ; Restrepo (J. Bequaert).
* 108. Tabanus (Tabanus) alboater Walker, 1850. Vaupks: Mith (P. Allen); between San Jose del Guaviare and Calamar (A. Gast ) .
* 109. Tabanus (Tabanus) discus Wiedemann, 182 8. Vaupks: Mith (P. Allen).
* 1 10. Tabanus (Tabanus) olivaceiventris Macquart, 1 84 7. Syno- nyms : Tabanus imponens Walker, 185 7 ; Atylotus pulvervlentus Bigot, 1892 ; Tabanus corkks "Schiner" Krober, 1929. Magdalena: Rio Frio (G. Salt). - We have seen a male of this species taken in Colombia, unfortunately without more definite locality. It is almost exactly like the female. * 1 1 1. Tabanus (Tabanus) importunus Wiedemann, 182 8 ; not of Macquart, 1847.
Magdalena : Aracataca (P. J. Darlington). - Meta : Res- trepo (J. Bequaert) ; El Caibe, near Restrepo (reported by Antunes, 193 7).
* 1 1 2. Tabanus ( Tabanus) ferrifer Walker, 18 50. Synonym : Ta banus druyvesteijni Szilkdy, 192 6.
Antioquia: Medellin Valley (F. L. Gallego). - Atlkntico: Barranquilla (reported by Dunn, 192 9). - Magdalena : Santa Marta (J. H. Egbert) ; Sevilla (G. Salt). - Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert). - Valle del Cauca: Hacienda La Maria, Buga (S. Renjifo).
* 1 13. Tabanus ( ? Tabanus) hirtitibia Walker, 1850. Caquetk: Florencia (R6mulo Patifio). -Originally de- scribed from Colombia, without definite locality. Although our specimen agrees well with Walker's description, it lacks the antennae, which were also broken off in the type. It is possible that the third segment has a long, finger-shaped tooth, in which case the species may have to be transferred to AZZiomma.
1 14. Tabanus ( ? Tabanus) flavifacies Macquart, 184 5. Originally described from Colombia, without more definite locality. The abdomen is described as black, with three rows of white triangular spots. The size (104 French lines = 23.7 mm.) is rather large for a Neotabanus, and it was more likely a true Tabanus. - Not seen by us.
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1 1 5. Tabanus (Lophotabanus) pseudoculus Fairchild, 1942. Boyach ( ? or Caldas) : Neira (L. Murillo. - Determined by G. Fairchild). - Not seen by us from Colombia. *116. Tabanus (Lophotabanus) xipe Krober, 1934. Synonym : Lophotabanus surinamensis Krober, 192 9 ; not Tabanus surina- mensis Macquart, 1838.
Choc6: Andagoya (A. Gast). - Meta: Restrepo (J. Be- quaert ; also reported by Antunes, 193 7) ; Villavicencio (M . Bates).
1 1 7. Tabanus (Lophotabanus) oculus Walker, 1848. Synonyms : Tabanus albo-notatus Bellardi, 1859; Tabanus oculatus Dunn, 192 9 (misspelling of oculus) .
Santander Sur: Jazmin, between Puerto Wilches and Bu- caramanga (reported by Dunn, 1929). - T. oculus was origi- nally described in part from Colombia without more definite locality. - Not seen by us from Colombia. After studying many specimens of this group from Yucatan, Honduras, Guatemala, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trini- dad, and Brazil, we have come to the conclusion that T. albo- ci~culus Hine and T. xipe Krober will eventually be synony- mized with T. oculus. T. oculus is used at present for speci- mens with the first posterior cell closed and stalked before the margin, a character which is not always of specific value in Tabanus.' Of the others, with open first posterior cell, the larger specimens are placed in xipe, while the smaller ones be- come alboci~culus, a procedure which leaves the medium-sized ones in doubt. Specimens with the first posterior cell closed just at or near the margin, or barely open, must also be placed arbitrarily.
* 1 18. Tabanus (Lophotabanus) pruinicorpus Krober 1934. Syn- onym: Lophotabanus pruinosus Krober, 192 9 ; not Tabanus pruinosus Bigot, 1892.
Magdalena: Rio Frio (G. Salt) ; Sevilla (G. Salt). - Kro- ber originally described his L. pruinosus from Bolivia and Co- lombia (supposedly from Bogota, a locality which is perhaps open to question).
'In the present paper the subgenus Lophotabanus Szilhdy (1926) includes Bellardia Rondani (1864) (not of Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863), a name later changed to Bellaria Strand (1928).
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* 1 19. Tabanus (Macrocormus) sorbillans Wiedeniann, 182 8. Boyaci:
Casanare (L. Patiiio) . - Meta : Restrepo (J. Be- quaert) .
12 0. Tabanus (Macrocormus) obscurigaster ~r~ber, 1934. Syno- nym: Macrocornus o bscuriventris Krober , 1930 ; not Tubanus obscuriventris Krober, 1929.
Choch: Condoto, type locality of the species. -Not seen by us.
12 1. Tabanus (Philipotabanus) fascipennis Macquart, 1845. Originally described from Brazil and "New Grenada," the latter possibly meaning Colombia. Krober (1930j) reported it from Bogota, but it seems rather doubtful that it was actually taken there. - Not seen by us.
* 1 2 2. Tabanus (Philipotabanus) multiguttatus Krober, 193 Of. Cundinamarca :
Bogota, the type locality. - Magdalena : Sierra Lorenzo, at 8,500 ft. (H. Viereck). - Krober gave also "New Grenada" and Ecuador as additional localities and placed the species in Phceotabanus.
^ 1 2 3. Tabanus (Philipotabanus) magnificus Krober, 1934. Syn- onym: Photabanus jomosus Krober; l93Of; not Tabanus f o~mosus Walker, 1848.
Cauca:
Rio Micay (S. Renjifo) . - Choc6 :
Istmina (S.
Renjifo) ; Andagoya (D. Augustine); Rio Cabi near Quibd6 (S. Renjifo) . - Valle del Cauca: Kilom. 87 on road from Cali to Buenaventura, at Rio Anchicaya (S. Renjifo) ; Veneral, Rio Yurumangui (S. Renjifo) ; Puerto Merizalde, Rio Naya (S. Renjifo) ; Quebrada San Joaquin near Buenaventura (S. Ren- jifo) ; Condoto (reported by Krober, 1930f, as one of the type localities of his P. fornosus) ; Utria (J. Boshell. - Determined by G. Fairchild) ; Rio Nimiquia (J. Boshell. - Determined by G. Fairchild).
12 4. Tabanus ( PPhilipotabanus) criton Krober, 1934. Synonym : Phceotabanus coZumbianus Krober, 1931f; not Archiplatius columbianus Enderlein, 1925, now placed in Tabanus. Cundinamarca: Fusugasuga, the type locality. -Not seen by us.
12 5. Tabanus (?subgenus) simplex Walker, 1850. This species was originally described from Colombia, without definite locality. Krober (1934) placed it doubtfully as a syno- nym of Tabanus (Lophotabanus) bifloccus Hine, of Cuba. This
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appears improbable, particularly as Walker did not mention a black spot on the scutellum. - Not seen by us. Walker ( 1848) referred doubtfully to the North American Ta banus lasiophthalmus Macquar t, a specimen collected in Colombia by Goudot. This identification was certainly errone- ous and probably based on a specimen of T. quadripunctatus Fabricius.
* 12 6. Diachlorus curvipes ( Fabricius) . Synonynl : Hcematopota curvipes Fabricius, 1805.
Boyaci: Muzo (J. Bequaert ; reported by Bequaert, 1944). - Valle del Cauca: Veneral, Rio Yurumangui (S. Renjifo). Krober ( 192 8) reports Diachlorus f errugatus (Fabricius) from Colombia, without definite locality; but this is certainly due to some error.
12 7. Acanthocera albomarginata (Krober) . Synonym : Sphecio- gaster alboma~ginata Krober, 1930.
Choc6: Condoto, the type locality. - Not seen by us. * 12 8. Acanthocera formosa Krober, 193Od. Meta: Restrepo (J. Bequaert. - Reported also by G. Fair- child, 1939).
'^12 9. Acanthocera' trigonifera Schiner , 1 868. Cu.ndinamarca : Bogota (reported by Krober, 1928). - Magdalena: Santa Marta (F. L. Gallego). - The occurrence of this species near Bogota needs to be confirmed. REFERENCES
ANTUNES, P. C. A. 193 7. Inf orme sobre una ipvestigacibn entomolbgica realizada en Colombia. Revista Facultad Medicina, Bogota, VI, No. 2, pp. 65-87. BEQUAERT, J.
1940~.
Tabanidae of the Island of Trinidad, B. W. I. Bull. Ent. Res., XXX, pp. 447-453.
1940b. The Tabanidae of the Antilles. Rev. de Entomologia, XI, pp. 253-369. 1944. Further studies of the Tabanidae of Trinidad, B. W. I. Psyche, LI, pp. 12-21.
1946. Descriptions of three new Neotropical species of Chrysops. Psyche, LIII, pp. 6-12, PI. I.
CURKAN, C. H. 1928. Records and descriptions of Diptera, mostly from Jamaica. Dept. Agric. Jamaica, Ent. Bull. No. 4, pt. 3, Appendix, pp. 29-45 (pp. 14- 30 of reprint).
DUNN, L. H.
1929. Notes on some insects and other arthropods affecting man and animals in Colombia. Amer. Jl. Trop. Med., IX, pp. 493-508. ENDERLEIN, G. 1925. Studien an blutsaugenden Insekten. 1. Grundlagen eines neuen Systems der Tabaniden. Mitt. 2001. Mus. Berlin, XI, pt. 2, pp. 253- 409.
FAIRCHILD, G. B. 1939. Notes on the genus Acanthocera Macquart. Rev. de Entomologia, X, pp. 14-27.
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1940a.
Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. I. The genera Chlorotabanus and Cryptotylus. Rev. de Entomologia, XI, pp. 713-722. 19406.
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1941a.
Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. IV. The genus Leucotabanus Ad. Lutz. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, XXXIV, pp. 629-638. 19416. Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. VI. The genus Fidena Walker. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, XXXIV, pp. 639-646. 1942a.
Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. 111. The genus Chry~ops Meigen. Proc. Ent, Soc. Washington, XLIV, pp. 1-8, PI. I. 19426. Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. V. The genus Tabanus, subgenus Bellardia Rondani, Psyche, XLIX, pp. 8-16, PI. I. 1942c. Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. VII. The subgenus Neotabanus Ad. Lutz. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, XXXV, pp. 153-182, Pls. I-II. 1942d. Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. VIII. The genera Pityocera, Scione and Esenbeckia. Ann. Ent. SOC. America, XXXV, pp. 183-199, Pis. I-II. 1942e. Notes on Tabanidae from Panama. IX. The genera Stenotabanus Lutz, Lepiselaga Macquart and related genera. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, XXXV, pp. 289-309, PI. I.
1943a. Notes on Tabanidae ffom Panama.
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resume of the Tabanidae of Panama. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, XXXV, (1942), pp. 441-474, Pis. 1-11.
1943b. An annotated list of the bloodsucking insects, ticks and mites known from Panama. Amer. Jl. Trop. Med., XXIII, pp. 569-591. KROBER, 0. 1925-1926. Die Chrysops-Arten Sud- und Mittelarnerikas nebst den Arten der Inselwelt und Mexikos.
Konowia, IV, pts. 3-4 (1925), pp. 210-
256; IX, pt. 6 (1926), pp. 319-375, Pis. I-V. 1928. Die amerikanischen Arten der Tabaniden-Subfamilie Diachlorinae End. Beih. Arch. Schiffs- u. Tropen-Hyg., XXXII, No. 2, pp. 1-53. 1929. Ueber einige kleinere Gattungen der sudamerikanischen Tabanini. Zo- olog. Anzeiger, LXXXIII, pp. 47-63 and 115-137. 1930a. Die Stenotabaninae und die Lepidoselaginae Sudamerikas. Encyclo- pkdie Entom., B, Diptera, V, (l929), pp. 101-144, Pis. I-II. 19306. Die Tabanidensubfamilie Silviinae der neotropischen Region. Zoolog. Anzeiger, LXXXVIII, pp. 225-239.
1930c. Die Tabanidengattung Sackenimyia Big. Zoolog. Anzeiger, XC, pp. 1-12.
1930d. Neue Tabaniden und Zusatze zu bereits beschriebenen. Zoolog. An- zeiger, XC, pp. 69-86.
1930e. Die Untergattungen Macrocornus Lutz und Chlorotabanus Lutz. Zo- olog. Anzeiger, LXXXVI, pp. 1-18.
1930f. Die Tabanidenuntergattung Phaeotabanus Lutz. Zoolog. Anzeiger, LXXXVI, pp. 273-300.
1930g. Die Pelecorhynchinae und Melpiinae Sudamerikas. Mitt. Zool. Staats- inst. 2001. Mus. Hamburg, XLIV, pp. 149-196. 1930h. Die sudamerikanischen Arten der Gattung Scione Wlk. ( = Rhinotriclista End.). Stettin. Ent. Zeitg., XCI, pp. 141-174. 1931a. Neue Arten der Gattung Fidena Walk. Zoolog. Anzeiger, XCV, pp. 17-37.
1931 b. Die Tabanus-Gruppen Straba End. und Poecilosoma ~uti ( = Hybo- straba End. und Hybopelma End.) der neotropischen Region. Zoolog. Anzeiger, XCIV, pp. 67-89.
1931c. Die Tabanus-Untergattung Gymnochela End. Zoolog. Anzeiger, XCVI, . pp. 49-61.
1931d. Neue Arten aus dem Genus Esenbeckia Rond. Zoolog. Anzeiger, XCIV, pp. 245-257.
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Tabanidae oj ~olombia
1931e. Die kleinen Gattungen der Dichelacerinae End. aus der siidamerikan- ischen Region. Rev. de Entomologia, 1,pp. 282-298. 1931f. Neue Tabaniden aus Sudamerika im Stettiner Museum. Stettin. Ent. Zeitg., XCII, pp. 90-93.
1931g. Neue neotropische Tabaniden aus den Unterfamilien Bellardiinae und Tabaninae. Rev. de Entomologia, I, pp. 400-417. 1932a. Die Tabaniden-Subfamilie Bellardiinae End. der neotropischen Region. Rev. de Jintomologia, 11, pp. 289-302.
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1934. Catalogo dos Tabanidae da America do Sul e Central, incluindo o Mexico e as Antilhas. Rev. de Entomologia, IV, pp. 222-276, 291-333. 1940. Das Tabanidengenus Dicladocera Lutz. Veroffentl. Deutsch. Kolonial- Uebersee-Mas. Bremen, 111, pt. 1, pp. 58-92, Pis. IV-VI. LOEW, H. 1869. Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria octava. Berlin Ent. Zeitschr., XIII, pp. 1-52.
LTJTZ, AD. 1909. Tabaniden Brasiliens und einiger Nachbarstaaten. 2001. Jahb., Suppl. Bd., X, pt. 4, pp. 619-692, 3 Pis. MACQUART, J. 1838a. Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Mim. Soc. R. Sci. Agric. Arts Lille, (1838), pt. 2, pp. 9-225, Pis. I-XXV. (Reprint: vol. I, pt. I, Paris, 1838, pp. 1-221, Pis. I-XXV). 18386. Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Mh. Soc. R. Sci. Agric. ,
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1944. Notas entomolbgicas regionales. Cali, 43 pp. RICARDO, G, 1902. Further notes on the Pangoninae of the family Tabanidae in the British Museum collection. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), IX, pp. 366-381 and 424-438.
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86 Psyche [Sept .-Dec.
RODER, V. VON
1886. Dipteren von den Cordilleren in Columbien, gesammelt durch Herrn Dr. Alphons Stubel. Stettin. Ent. Zeitg., XLVII, pp. 257-270. 1892. Dipteren gesammelt in den Jahren 1868-1877 auf eine Reise durch Sud- Amerika von Alphons Stubel. Berlin, 16 pp., 1 PI. SCHINER, J. R. 1868. Diptera. Reise der Osterr. Fregatte Novara in den Jahren 1857,1858, 1859, Zoolog. Teil, 11, 1. Abt., B, pt. 1, pp. 1-388, 4 Pis. STONE, A. 1944. Some Tabanidae from Venezuela. Bol. Entom. Venezolana, 111, pp. 125-138.
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BY JOSEPH C. BEQUAERT
Agelanius osornoi, new species
Female. - Medium-sized, black. Frons of medium width, with a large dirty-yellowish basal callus and a velvety-black median spot. Dorsum of thorax with grayish-white longitudinal stripes, of abdomen with a median row of white triangles and lateral transverse white markings. Legs black with mostly pale tibiae. Wing with a characteristic pattern of blackish spots. Head transverse, about twice as wide as high in front view, black, mostly covered with grayish-white pollinosity, which is more brownish at level of antenna. Lower half of face, jowls and outer orbits with long white hairs, forming a conspicuous beard; upper part of face and subcallus with shorter hairs, mixed black and white.
Frons about two and one-half times as
long as wide at the subcallus, slightly narrowed toward vertex;
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basal callus shiny) dirty-yellowish) touching the inner orbits) nearly twice as wide as high, rather abruptly extended upward into a median broad line) which is triangularly widened at the base and reaches to about mid-length of frons; middle third of frons with a large? dull, cordiform spot of velvety-black pol- linosity) the broader lower end notched and divided by the smooth extension of the basal callus7 the narrowed upper end jagged; remainder of frons and vertex gray pollinose) the vel- vety spot broadly separated from inner orbits; vertex flat) with a small brownish-pollinose median area; frons with many erect, black hairs, even on the shiny callus. Proboscis short) thick? with large, soft labella. (Antennz and palpi broken off.) Eyes densely covered with erect grayish hairs. Thorax black, mostly covered with ashy-gray pollinosity7 except dorsally over four broad, blackish? longitudinal stripes; of the five grayish-white stripes thus produced) one on each side is very broad and divided posteriorly (above the wing base) by a short blackish streak; three in the middle are much narrower; the median one linear) slightly widened behind where it stops at the posterior third; the two admedian ones reaching the scutellum where they unite with the lateral stripe on each side) but broadly interrupted beyond mid-length of the dorsum; scutellum mostly with black- ish pollinosity, the hind margin broadly gray pollinose. Hairs
of thorax long) dense and white beneath, dorsally long7 sparse7 mostly black with a mixture of white particularly near the sides and at the hind margin of the scutellum. Abdomen: integument black, with indefinite slightly brownish areas at the sides of the first tergite; ventrally almost wholly grayish pollinose) dorsally with dull, velvety-black pollinosity on which stand out con- spicuous white pollinose markings as follows: a median triangle on the hind margin of tergites 2 to 6? largest on 3 and 4 where they are about as high as wide and reach the anterior margin of the tergite, slightly smaller on 2 and 5 where they occupy half or less of the length of the tergite (triangle of tergite 2 wider than long), very small on 6; a narrow streak at hind margin on each side of tergites 2 to 6 (widest on 2) extending to near the median triangle, from which it is) however) sharply divided; in addition a similar? but broader streak on each side at anterior margin of tergite 2) leaving about the median third free and not connected on the sides with the streak of the hind margin; venter with long, white hairs; tergites with shorter, mostly black hairs?
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88 Psyche, [Sept.-Dec,
except on the pale areas where some of the hairs are silvery- white, particularly on the median triangles. Legs black, grayish pollinose, with long, grayish-white hairs except over the dark portions of tibize and on tarsi, where they are black; tibiz of normal shape) pale dirty-yellowish over basal two-thirds to three-fourths) which bear silvery-white hairs. MJing without appendix at fork of third longitudinal vein; all posterior cells open at margin; nearly hyaline with conspicuous blackish spots as follows: medium-sized spot at base of first submarginal cell, extending over base of first posterior cell, extreme apex of first basal cell and slightly into discal cell; spot at lower apex of second basal cell, more extended over base of fourth and fifth posterior cells and less so into discal cell; fairly large area around cross-vein at apex of discal cell) from the first to the fourth posterior cells; spot below stigma on second IongitudinaI vein; small cloudy blotches before the tips of all longitudinal veins, some weaker than others; stigma blackish; squainz clouded; veins black; halteres blackish; subepaulet bare. Length, 11.5 mm.; of wing, 9 mm.
COLOMBIA: Monserrate near Bogoth, Dept . Cundinamarca, at about 3)OOO m. above sea-level (Hernando Osorno Collec- tor) ; holotype at Mus. Comp. Zool. (No. 2 7634). A. osornoi is related to several species of Agelanks from the Andes of South America, such as A. excelszts (Surcouf), A. mon- tiurn (Surcouf) and A. colztmbianus (Enderlein). It is, how- ever, readily separated from these and other species known to me by the conspicuous pattern of white markings on the ab- domen, the arrangement of spots and clouds in the wing, as well as the large velvety-pollinose spot on the middle of the frons. For this reason I am describing it as new) notwithstanding the lack of antennz
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