G. C. Wheeler and J. Wheeler.
Ant Larvae of Four Tribes: Second Supplement (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae).
Psyche 80(1-2):70-82, 1973.

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ANT LARVAE OF FOUR TRIBES:
SECOND SUPPLEMENT
(HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE : MYRMICINAE)*
BY GEORGE C. WHEELER AND JEANETTE WHEELER Laboratory of Desert Biology
Desert Research Institute
University of Nevada System
Reno, Nevada 89507
Subsequent to the publication of our first supplement on the larvae of the subfamily Myrmicinae ( 196oa) we have received from other myrmecologists so much additional material that it has become neces- sary to publish additional supplements.
TRIBE LEPTOTHORACINI
Genus MACROMISCHA Roger
Machromischa jubditiva Wheeler
'
Creighton 1965 -Life cycle: egg 30 days, larva 23 days, pupa 19 days.
Genus LEPTOTHORAX Mayr2
Kempf 1959 :
393 - "The morphological distinctness of the im- aginal stages and the distribution of the species may even suggest to accord Nesomyrmex full generic status. The larvae, however, are quite close to the holarctic subgenus Leptothorax s. str., according to G. C. & J. Wheeler ( 1955), who studied those of echinatinodis." Leptothorax carinatus Cole
SEMIPUPA: Length (through spiracles) about 2.2 mm. Profile probably similar to L. ambiguus (1955: 22), otherwise differing in the following details.
Body hairs (I) about 0.006 mm long; (2)
0.006~.087 mm long; (3) about 0.14 mm long, four on the dorsum of each AI-AIII. Cranium transversely subelliptical. Head hairs 0.012-0.03 mm lone, simple or bifid. Ventral border of each lobe of -
-.
labrum with one isolated and three contiguous sensilla and a few minute spinules.
Each labial palp a cluster of five sensilla. (Mate- "Manuscript received by the editor January 30, 1973 'To save space we cite our own papers by year and page; the complete references are in Literature Cited.
'In 1950, M. R. Smith changed the well established subgeneric names Leptothorax and Mychofhorax to Myrafant and Leptothorax respectively. Could more confusion be generated in less than two pages? The established names should have been conserved.
We refuse to accept these changes.
Pzirfif 80:7(1-82 (1973). hup Ylpq'chi: rnlclub orgtXW80-070 html



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19731 Wheeler & Wheeler - Ant Larvae 71
rial studied: three semipupae from Texas, courtesy of Dr. A. C. Cole.)
Leptothorax hispidus Cole
WORKER SEMIPUPA. Length (through spiracles) about 3 mm. Similar to L. ambiguus (1955 : 22) except as follows. No spinules on integument. Body hairs: (I) 0.013-0.025 mm long; (2) 0.025- 0.068 mm long; (3) about 0.2 mm long, four each on AI-AIII. Head hairs 0.01 5-0.038 mm long, with tip bifid. Labrum with about ten hairs, about 0.025 mm long, on the anterior surface; posterior surface with eight sensilla. Each maxillary palp a raised cluster of four sensilla; each galea a very short peg with two sensilla. Each labial palp with five sensilla.
YOUNG SEXUAL LARVA. Length (through spiracles) about 3.2 mm.
Similar to the above larva except as follows. Body sac-like. Dorsal surface of posterior somites with a few minute spinules. Cranium transversely subelliptical. Anterior surface of labrum with four hairs.
Material studied:
four worker semipupae and two young sexual larvae from Texas, courtesy of Dr. A. C. Cole. Leptothorax nevadensis Wheeler
Length (through spiracles) about 2.8 mm. Similar to L. amblguus (1955: 22) except as follows. Integument with a few minute spi- nules on the venter of anterior somites a,nd the dorsa of posterior somites. Body hairs: (2) 0.025-0.19 mm long; (3) about 0.25 mm long, on AI-AIV. Head hairs 0.013-0.03 mm long, generally dis- tributed. Each mandible with narrow blade and two medial teeth. Each maxilla with a ventral projection on the lateral surface; each palp a cluster of five sensilla. Each labial palp a cluster of five sen- silla.
(Material studied: six larvae from Oregon, G. C. and J. Wheeler # 8)
Leptot horax r~iger yplerzdidiceps Urbani Urbani (1968: 460-464) described the larva and figured young and mature larvae and the head of the latter Leptothorax nitens Emery
Length (through spiracles) about 2.6 mm. Similar to L. ambiguus (1955 : 22) except as follows. Thorax slightly more constricted and arched ventrally. Integument of venter of anterior somites and dorsa of posterior somites with a few minute spinules, isolated or in short rows. Body hairs: ( I) 0.006-0.012 mm long; (2) 0.025-0.125 mm long; (3) about 0.2 mm long. Head hairs 0,013-0.05 mm long,



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Psyche
[March- June
Fig. 1. Leptothorax (M.) provancheri. a, larva in side view, Xl7; b, head in anterior view, X67 ; c, very young larva in side view, X17; d, simple and branched body hairs, X169; e, surface view of dendritically branched body hair, X169; f, anchor-tipped body hair, Xl69; g, left mandible in anterior view, X163. Fig. 2. Rogeria procera. a, left mandible in anterior view, X169; b, head in anterior view, X 67; c and d, branched body hairs, X264; e, anchor-tipped body hair, X264; f, larva in side view, Xl8.




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19731 Wheeler å£ Wheeler - Ant Larvae 7 3 simple or bifid. Labrum with eight hairs on the anterior surface; posterior surface with eight sensilla. Each mandible with the blade narrow and bearing two teeth. Each maxillary palp a cluster of four sensilla. Each labial palp a cluster of five sensilla. VERY YOUNG LARVA.
Length (through spiracles) about 1.3 mm. Similar to very young larva of L. ambiguus ( 1955 : 23) in shape, otherwise similar to mature larva above except as follows. Cranium more rounded. Hea,d hairs 0.013-0.038 mm long, all simple. Labrum more narrowed ventrally. Mandibles with narrower blade and sharper teeth. Maxillae very small; each galea a slight elevation with two sensilla.
Material studied: 15 larvae from Oregon, G. C. and J. Wheeler # 14.
Leptothorax (Mychothorax) provancheri Emery (Fig. I)
Length (through spiracles) about 3.7 mm. Paraponeriform (i.e., shaped somewhat like a crookneck squash; neck short and stout; body elongate, stouter, straight and subcylindrical) ; posterior end rounded ; a ventrally projecting boss on each lateral surface of TI ; each thoracic somite and AI-A111 with a hairless midventral boss. Anus postero- ventral. Leg, wing and gonopod vestiges present. Diameter of spira- cles decreasing posteriorly. Integument of posterior somites with minute spinules in short rows dorsally and isolated ventrally. Body hairs rather sparse.
Of three types: (I) 0.025-0.45 mm long, with straight or kinked shaft and branched (bifid to dendritic) all branches with denticulate tip, on all surfaces of all somites except venter of TI ; (2) 0.025-0.1 mm long, simple, on all surfaces of TI, fewer on T2 and T3; (3) 0.25-0.375 mm long, anchor-tipped, with curled to kinked shaft, four in a row across the dorsum of each AI-AV (sometimes also one on AVI). Cranium subhexagonal, longer than broad; sides of head nearly straight. Each antenna on a teardi-op- shaped base; each a slight dome with three sensilla, each of which bears a spinule. Head hairs numerous, minute (0.003-0.019 mm long). Labrum paraboloidal in anterior view; anterior surface with 12 hairs (about 0.012 mm long), and two sensilla; ventral border with two isolated and two clusters of three sensilla each; posterior surface with about eight sensilla and a few minute spinules in short rows. Mandibles leptothoraciform ( i.e., moderately narrow ; taper- ing gradually and curving gradually to an apical tooth; anterior surface produced medially into a blade bearing two subapical teeth) ; all teeth subequal. Each maxilla with the apex conoidal; each palp



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74 Psyche
[March-June
a short skewed peg with five sensilla; each galea a short frustum with two apical sensilla. Labium narrowly ~araboloidal ; sparsely spinulose, the spinules minute and in short transverse rows; each palp represented by a cluster of five sensilla; an isolated sensillum be- tween each palp and the opening of the sericteries, the latter a short transverse slit. No spinules on hypopharynx. VERY YOUNG LARVA. Length (through spiracles) about 1.6 mm. Abdomen sac-like, thorax forming a stout neck. Integument of ven- ter of anterior somites and entire surface of posterior somites with minute spinules. Body hairs sparse.
Of three types: ( I ) 0.013-0.1
mm long, on dorsal and lateral surfaces of thorax and on dorsa of AI-AIV; (2) about 0.006 mm long, on venter of TI, few on AV: (3)
about 0.1 mm long, four each on AI-AIV. Antennae minute, each with three sensilla. Head hairs about 1/3 as numerous, minute (0.002-0.005 mm long). Labium subrectangular; anterior surface with about ten sensilla. Mandibles subtriangular in anterior view, with all teeth sharp-pointed. Each maxillary palp represented by a cluster of five sensilla; each galea represented by two contiguous sensilla. Otherwise as in the mature larva. Material studied:
numerous larvae from Colorado, G. C. and J. Wheeler # 16.
The larva of L. provancheri resembles our other species of Mycho- thorax in profile and in mandible shape, but it differs markedly in the shape of the dominant type of body hair, in the shape of the head, in the shape of the labrum, and in the abundance and size of head hairs.
Genus ROGERIA Emery
Because we had inadequate material previously (1955: 28) we
are giving a complete description below. REVISED DESCRIPTION. Profile solenopsidiform. Body hairs mod- erately abundant ; of two types - ( I ) short, generally distributed and variously branched and (2) anchor-tipped, on mesothorax, meta- thorax and first three abdominal sornites. Head hairs moderately numerous, moderately long and bifid. Mandibles leptothoraciform. In our 196ob key Rogeria would go to "~fononzoriunz antarcti- cum" (~Chelaner), from which it cannot be distinguished generic- ally.
Rogeria procera Emery
(Fig. 2)
Length (through spiracles) about 4 mm. Solenopsidiform (i.e., short and stout; head ventral, near the anterior end; prothorax bent



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19731 Wheeler ‰â Wheeler - Ant L,arvae 75 ventrally to form a very short stout neck; remainder of body straight; both ends broadly rounded. Anus ventral.) Dorsal profile long and 'C-shaped ; ventral f eeblY sigmoid. Leg vestiges present. Spiracles small ; diameter diminishing posteriorly. Integument of venter of thorax with relatively coarse spinules in transverse rows; a few min- ute spinules on dorsa of posterior somites. Body hairs moderately abundant. Of two types : ( I ) 0.044-0. I 38 mm long, with tip short- bifid to long-branched, the branches variously denticulate or branched ; (2) about 0.25 mm long, anchor-tipped with flexuous shaft, six on the dorsum of each T2, T3, AI! A11 and four on AIII. Cranium subtrapezoidal, broadest dorsally ; occiput nearly flat ; clypeus bulg- ing. Antennae each with three sensilla, each of which bears a rather long spinule. Head hairs moderately numerous, 0.05-0.075 mm long, bifid with the branches short to long. Labrum bilobed, narrowed dorsally ; each lobe with two hairs on the anterior surface about 0.006 mm long! ventral border with three isolated and two contiguous sensilla, posterior surface with six isolated and a cluster of three sensilla; entire posterior surface with a few short rows of minute spinules dorsally and with coarse isolated spinules ventrally. Mandi- bles leptothoraciform (i.e., moderately stout, tapering gradually and curving gradually to an apical tooth, anterior surface produced me- dially into a blade, which bears two medial teeth and a few denticles). Each maxilla paraboloida1, apex with coarse isolated spinules; each palp a cylinder with four apical and one subapical sensilla; each galea a short stout cylinder with two apical sensilla. Labium nar-
row, anterior surface with coarse spinules, which are isolated or in short rows near each lateral surface; each pa1p a slight elevation with five sensilla; an isolated sensillum between each palp and the opening of the sericteries, the latter a transverse slit. (&laterial studied: 12 larvae from Brazil, courtesy of Drs. W. L. Brown and K, Lenko.)
TRIBE OCYMYRMECINI
Genus OCYMYRMEX Emery
Profile aphaenogastriform. Prothorax narrowed rapidly to the diameter of the head.
Head small. Anus with a prominent poste- rior lip. Body hairs numerous! short, with frayed tip. Cranium subcircular. Antennae high on cranium, minute and in pits. Head hairs few, short, with bifid tip. Labrum paraboloidal, as long as broad. Mandibles vo11enhoviform but with only one media1 tooth. In our 1g60b key this genus would fit under Group D but would require a new rubric: 6. Body aphaenogastriform (D I ) ; mandibles vol1enhoviform (IIf).




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Psyche
[March- June
Ocyrnyrmex arnoldi Fore1
(Fig. 3)
Length (through spiracles) about 5.9 mm. Aphaenogastriform (i.e.) stout and rather elongate; diameter greatest at AIV and AV; slightly constricted at AI; thorax stout and arched ventrally) but not differentiated into a neck; posterior end broadly rounded, anus ventral). Prothorax narrowed rapidly to diameter of head. Head small. Anus with a prominent posterior lip. Leg and wing vestiges
present. About six differentiated somites. Spiracles small) dimin- ishing slightly posteriorly. Entire integument spinulose, the spinules minute and in short transverse rows, the rows longer and closer together on the venter of the anterior somites. Body hairs abundant, uniformly distributed, all short (0.025-0.075 mm long), with stout shaft and frayed tip. Cranium subhexagonal ; mouth parts rather Iarge. Antennae minute, each in a small pit bounded medially by a high rim) three sensilla each bearing a tall spinule. Head hairs few)
short (0.019-0.038 mm long), slightly curved) with short-bifid tip. Labrum paraboloidal) with three small ventral projections; anterior surface with six minute hairs; ventral border with two small sensilla on each ventrolateral projection and two groups of two larger con- tiguous sensilla; posterior surface with 16 sensilla and scattered min- ute spinules. Each mandible vollenhoviform~ but with only one medial tooth (i.e.) slender) rather long and nearly straight, apex form- ing a moderately long slender tooth which is slightly curved medially; with a narrow medial blade) from the edge of which arises one in- conspicuous medial tooth). Each maxilla with the apex paraboloidal and with minute isolated spinules; each palp a narrow frustum with four apical and one lateral sensilla; galea digitiform with two apical sensilla. Labium paraboloidal, with a few short rows of minute spinules; each palp a skewed peg with five sensilla; an isolated sensil- lum between each palp and the opening of the sericteries) the latter a transverse slit. Hypopharynx with minute spinules in short rows. (Material studied: three larvae and me semipupa from Rhodesia, courtesy of Dr. W. L. Brown.)
TRIBE TETRAMORIINI
Genus TETRAMORIUM Mayr
Tetramorium caespitum ( Linnaeus)
Bruder and Gupta I972 -Description p. 366; photographs of first) second and third instars and semipupa; drawings of mandibles and maxillae of first) second and third instars. Life cycle in incipient colony : egg 9-12 days, larva 8-14 days) semipupa 5 days, pupa 12-18



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Wheeler & Wheeler - Ant Lrvae
77
Fig. 3. Ocymyrmex arnoIdi.
a, body hair, Xl67; b, larva in side view? X16; c, head in anterior view, X81; d, right antenna in anterior view? X376; e, left mandible in anterior view, X133. Fig. 4. Promyptocerus adlerzi. a, head in anterior view, X67; b-d, three types of body hairs, X267; e, left mandible in anterior view, Xl85; f, larva in side view, X 14.




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78 P~yche
[March-June
days, total 3b45 days. Life cycle in mature co1onies: egg 8-12 days, first instar 2-7 days, second instar 3-7 da~, third instar 10-19 days, semipupa 5 days, pupa 12-18 day$, total 43-63 days. Genus TRIGLYFH~HRIX Fore1
Trigly#hth& striddens Emery
IMMATURE LARVA.
Length (through spiracle) about 2.2 mm-
Dorsal profile C-shaped; vmtra1 feebly sirnoid; thorax stout and curved ventrally but not differentiated from abdomen in diameter; abdomen bag-like, Spiracles small; diameter diminishing psteriorly- Integument of venter oi anterior smites wady spinuIm, the spi- nules minute and in short transverse rows. Body hairs very few: 6 on TI, 2 each on Tz-AIV; o.d-0.033 mm Img, longest and with multifid-tip on TI, becoming shorter and simple posteriorly. Head large; cranium subpyrifom. Each antenna with three smsilla, each of which bears a spinule. Head hairs minute (about 0.d mm long), simple, six only, near mouth paris, Labrum twice as broad as long, bibbed, lateral hordes tuned; each lobe with five smsilla on the anterior surface, two contiguous smsilla on the ventral boy- der, and one isolated *and three contiguous semiIIa ori the pmt&or surface; entire posterior surface mderatdy $pinulost, the spindm minute and in short rows which are arranged in Jonger subtransvene rows mediaIIy, laterally the spinuh axe caarser and isolated. Each mandible heavily dzrotized, narrowIY subtriangdar in anterior view; of two portions: lateral thick md terminating in a long dender apical tooth; medial blade arising from the anterior surface and bearing two sharppointed medial teeth, Each maxilla with the
apex conoidal and bearing a few spirides; palp a low rounded knob with five sendla; galea a short frustum with two apical sensillam Labium feebly bilobed, with minute spinules in subpardld rows; each palp a low rounded knob with five sendla; an isolated sensillurn between each palp and the opening of the sericteries, the latter a short transverx slit. Hypopharynx denseIy spinulm, the spinule minuk and in short arcuate rows which are arranged in long sub parallel transverst rows, base with numerous heady sclerotized long- itudind ridge. ( Material studied : numerous immature larvae from New South Wales, courtesy of Rev, B. B. Lowery.) TRIBE CRYPTOCERINI~
R~SION :
Posterior surface of labrum usuaHy without spinules. Hypopharynx usua1Iy without spinu1~.
'In 1949, M. R Smith concluded that the well established name Crypto- tenti, which hnd been in use for 146 years, was a synonym of Cephdotes; he chan~cd Cryptocmini to Cephalotini, Cryptocems to Ptwacryptocerw and subgenus Cfy~tocerus to Harmdia.
In four pages could anyone intro-
duce more confusion into stabh nomenclature? The old name9 ~hould have been conserved. We refuse to accept any of thme chngea.



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Wheeler kf Wheeler - Ant Larvae
Genus CRYPTOCERUS Fabricius
Cryptocerus rohweri Wheeler
,Creighton and Nutting 1965:
63 -"Worker brood developed
from egg to adult in about three months (egg to larva zk 27 days; larva to pupa zk 33 days; pupa to adult k 23 days) .lJ Eggs de- veloped in about a month into male larvae) which overwintered. Cryptocerus (Cyathomyrmex) pallens Klug
IMMATURE LARVA. Length ( through spiracles) about 3.4 mm. Similar to C. minutus (called Par~cry~tocerus minutus in I 954 : 155) except as follows. Head very large and covering approximately half of the anterior end, Integument of venter of anterior somites and all surfaces of posterior somites with a few minute spinules in short transverse rows. Body hairs: (I) 0.006-0.038 mm longl most nu- merous on the prothorax; (2) about 0.225 mm long. Head hairs very numerous) slightly longer (o.013-o.05 mm long). Anterior surface of labrum with eight hairs andlor sensilla. Mandibles moderately to feebly sclerotized. An isolated sensillurn between each palp and the opening of the sericteries.
VERY YOUNG LARVA. Length (through spirades) about I .6 mm. Body subeIlipsoidall head on the anterior end (i.e.) similar to 1.9 mm larva of C. minutus, 1954 : I 55). Otherwise similar to mature larva except in the following details.
Entire integument spinulose> the
spinules minute and in short transverse rows. Head hairs shorter (0.013-o.038 mm long). Labrum with ten hairs on the anterior surface. Mandibles sickle-shapedl no blade. Material studied:
five larvae from Brazill courtesy of Dr. K. Lenko.
Genus PROCRYPTOCERUS Emery
REVISION. Profile cataulaciform. Body hairs moderately numer- ous. Of three types: (I) simple with flexuous tip; (2) tip short- branched, multifid ; (3) anchor-tipped. Head hairs of two types : ( I ) simple, with long flexuous tip; (2) with short-branched (multifid) tip. Mandibles cryptoceriform. Posterior surface of labruni with or without spinules. Maxillae adnate and rounded. Hypopharynx with or without spinules.
Procryptocerus adlerzi ( Mayr )
(Fig. 4)
Length ( through spiracles) about 4.6 mm. Profile cataulacif orm
(i.ea1 straight, elongate-subelliptical; segmentation indistinct; head applied to the ventral surface near the anterior end) ; no neck. Anus ventral) with a posterior lip. Leg) wing and gonopod vestiges present.



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80 Psyche [March- June
Six feebly differentiated somites. Spiracles small; decreasing in diam- eter posteriorly. Integument of ventral surface of anterior somites with minute spinules in short transverse rows, entire surface of poste- rior somites with scattered minute spinules. Body hairs moderately nu- merous. Of three types : ( I ) 0.013-0.036 mm long, simple, tip very fine and flexuous; (2) 0.022-0.13 mm long, tip denticulate, a few on each somite; (3) about 0.2 mm long, with flexuous shaft and anchor- tip, four on each AI-AIV. Cranium subcircular in anterior view. Antennae moderately large; just below middle of cranium; each with three small sensilla, bearing a spinule each. Head hairs moderately numerous, short to moderately long. Of two types : ( I ) 0.01 9-0.03 mm long, simple, with long fine flexuous tip, the more numerous type; (2) 0.028-0.075 mm long, with short-branched tip. Labrum arcuate; with eight hairs 0.025-0.038 mm long; ventral border with four isolated and two clusters of three sensilla each; posterior sur- face with four isolated and two clusters of three sensilla each; spi- nules lacking. Mandibles cryptoceriform (i.e., stout, subtriangular in anterior view; lateral portion thick and terminating in a sharp-pointed apical tooth; medial blade arising from the anterior surface and bear- ing two subapical teeth, which are subequal to apical tooth). Max-
illae rounded and adnate; each palp a short peg with five sensilla, larger than the galea, the latter a short cylinder with two apical sensilla. Labium small; each palp a short stout peg with five sensilla; an isolated sensillurn between each palp and the opening of the seric- teries, the latter a short transverse slit. No spinules on hypopharynx. IMMATURE LARVA. Length (through spiracles) about 3. I mm. Body relatively stouter. Head on anterior end. Integument of dorsal surface of posterior somites with rather coarse spinules. Body hairs (I) 0.025-0.05 mrn long; (2) 0.019-0.125 mm long; (3) about 0.225 mm long, four on the dorsal surface of each AI-AIV. Other-
wise similar to mature larva.
VERY YOUNG LARVA. Estimated length about 1.4 mm. Similar to the immature larva except as follows. Body hairs sparse: (I)
0.002-0.025 mm long; (2) 0.024-0.05 rnm long, with tip denticulate to flattened; (3) about 0.086 mm long, on AI-AVI. Head hairs sparse, all short spikes (about 0.003 mm long). Anterior surface of labrum with six hairs about 0.006 mm long. Each mandible with the apex turned medially; all teeth narrowly sharp-pointed. Each labial palp represented by a cluster of five sensilla. Material studied:
14 larvae from Brazil, courtesy of Dr. K. Lenko.




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19731 Wheeler &r Wheder ---Ant 'Larvae 81 Pr~cr~piocerus rephri,r Emery
Length (through spiracles) about 5.4 mm. Similar to P. adierzi except as follows. Body stouter; head relatively larger. Integument with few spinules on the anterior somites. Body hairs (I) 0.013- 0.05 mm long; (2) 0.038-0.1 13 rnm long; (3) four on the dona of each AI-AIV. Cranium transversely subelliptical. Antennae larger. Head hairs numerous; (I) 0.007-0.05 mm long; (2) 0.038- 0.087 mm long. Labrum feebly bilobed, with eight hairs 0.013-0.05 mm long; each lobe with six isolated and two contiguous sensilla on and near the ventral border; entire posterior surface with a few transverse rows of minute spinules. Each mandible with apical tooth longer and basal teeth shorter. Each galea represented by two con- tiguous sendla. Each labial palp represented by a cluster of five sensilla. Hypopharynx with a few transverse rows of minute spi- nules.
YOUNG LARVA.
Length (through spiracles) about 1.8 mm. Sim- ilar to mature larva except as follows.
Entire integument with min-
ute spinules, in short rows anterovenrrally, elsewhere isolated, coarsest posteriorly. Body hairs sparse; ( I) 0.003-0.044 rnm long; (2) 0.013-0.088 mrn long; (3) o.1254.iS8 mm long. Head hairs
moderately numerous, 0.003-0.044 rnm long, simple. Hairs on labmm about 0.003 rnm long.
YOUNGEST LARVA. Length (through spiracles) about I mm long. Similar to young larva except as follows. Body egg-shaped. Spiracles very small. Integument with spinules on the dorsal surf ace of abdo- men from spiracle to spiracle, more extensive on AIX and AX. Body hairs very sparse; (I) 0.003-0.025 mm long, few, none on AIX and AX: (2) 0.025-0.075 mm long, few, with short-bifid to short-rnultifid tip, on lateral surfaces; (3) o.og-o.18 mai long, four on the dorsum of each AI-AVII, with straight shaft and smooth anchor-tip. Head hairs very few, about 0.003 "sin long. Posterior surface of labrum lacking spinulcs. Each mandible with one apical and one medial tooth. Each maxillary palp represented by a cluster of sensilla. Labium and hypopharynx without spinules. MALE LARVA. Length (through spiracles) about 5.8 mm. Sim- ilar to worker larva except as follows. Thirteen feebly differentiated somites. Body hairs (3) about 0.15 m m long, four on the dorsal surface of each AI-AIV. Cranium subrectangular. Head hairs (i) 0.01 3 rom long; (2) about 0.38 mm long, with short-bifid tip, about eight on the cranium. Mandibles heavily sclerotized. Material studied: numerous larvae from Brazil, courtesy of Dr. K. Lenko.




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Psyche
[March-June
Procryptocerus striata scabriuscula Emery Length (through spiracles) about 5.2 mm. Similar to P. adierzi except as follows. Body stouter. Integument of venter of anterior somites and dorsa of posterior somites with minute spinules in short transverse rows. Body hairs ( I ) 0.003-0. I g mm long, spike-like ; (2) 0.013-0.05 mm long, very few on each somite. Cranium trans- versely subelliptical. Head hairs few. Labrum with six hairs and six isolated .and two clusters of three sensilla each on the anterior surface; posterior surface with six isolated and two clusters of two or three sensilla each and with minute spinules in short arcuate rows, the rows forming a reticulate pattern. Mandibles quadrilateral, heavily sclerotized, with all teeth straight and round-pointed. Each
maxillary palp an ungula, with two apical and three lateral sensilla; each galea a very short stout peg with two apical sensilla. (Material studied : nine larvae from Mexico, courtesy of Roy R. Snelling.) LITERATURE CITED
BRUDER, K. W., AND A. P. GUPTA
1972. Biology of the pavement ant, Tetramorium caespitum. Ann. Entomol. SOC. Amer. 68: 358-367.
CREIGHTON, W. S.
1965. The habits and distribution of Macromischa subditiva Wheeler. Psyche 72: 282-286.
. CREIGHTON, W. S., AND W. L. NUTTING
1965. The habits and distribution of Cryptocerus rohweri Wheeler. Psyche 72: 59-64.
KEMPF, W. W.
1959. A synopsis of the New World species belonging to the Nesomyr- mex-group of the ant genus Leptothorax Mayr. Studia Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 2 : 291-432.
SMITH, M. R.
1949. On the status of Cryptocerus Latreille and Cephalotes Latreille. Psyche 56: 18-21.
1950. On the status of Leptothorax Mayr and some of its subgenera. Psyche 57: 29-30.
URBANI, C. B.
1968. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'ltalia. IV. La fauna mirmecologico delle isole maltesi ed il suo significato ecologico e biogeografico. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Geneva 77: 408-559. WHEELER, G. C., AND JEANETTE WHEELER
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