Lawrence F. Gall.
Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). II. Type material at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, with lectotype designations.
Psyche 97(1-2):121-129, 1990.

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SYSTEMATICS OF MOTHS IN THE GENUS CATOCALA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE).
11. TYPE MATERIAL AT THE MUSEUM OF
COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, WITH LECTOTYPE DESIGNATIONS*
Entomology Division, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, CT 0651 1 USA The recognized Nearctic species in the noctuid moth genus Cato- cala Schrank (1802) presently number ca. 100, with a synonymy comprising over 350 names. The Nearctic Catocala will be revised in a forthcoming "Moths of America North of Mexico" Fascicle, the taxonomic groundwork for which is appearing first in articles dis- cussing the types in institutional collections (see Gall & Hawks, 1990). The present paper examines the taxonomic status of 18 Nearctic Catocala names, based on type material at the Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ), Harvard University. THE MCZ CATOCALA TYPES
A total of 7 Catocala holotypes was located during searches of the pinned MCZ Lepidoptera collection. The applicabilities and taxo- nomic ranks of these 7 Catocala names are without any question, and summary diagnoses are given in Tables 1-2. Syntype(s) located at the MCZ for another 9 Catocala names require lectotype designa- tions and/ or further discussion, as follows: Catocala adoptiva Grote, 1874, p. 96.
In the text of the original description, Grote (1874b) states only that "a number of specimens [are] in the Museum of Comparative Zoology," but offers the notation "5Q" in his formal diagnosis, sug- gesting a limitation of the syntype series to two specimens. This pair of specimens and others clearly from the original type lot were easily located at the MCZ, and the head male labelled "Type" is chosen here as LECTOTYPE for adoptiva (see Figure 1). The type locality *Manuscript received by the editor April 25, 1990. Pu&e 97:121-129 t HIM). http:ffpsyche.cnlclub.orBf97Ìö7 12 1 hlml



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122 Psyche [vo~. 97
is Dallas Cojunty], Texas, [USA]. The name adoptiva is a synonym of Catocala delilah Strecker (1874; see Gall & Hawks, 1990). Catocala ilia var. conspicua Worthington, 1883, p. 41 Worthington authored 7 Catocala names in his 1883 paper, and did not indicate the number of types for any of these. Several Wor- thington specimens labelled "Presumed Type" are in the type cabinets and/or the main collection at the United States National Museum (USNM) in Washington. The MCZ collection contains 5 Worthington specimens labelled "Type," one each for 5 of his 7 Catocala names (these specimens were not segregated into separate unit trays at the MCZ, as is the case for most of their noctuid types). While discussing names applicable to Catocala ilia Cramer (1775), Reiff (1920, p. 55, stated: "as it happened, all the Worthington types were once in my collection, but a set of these later was acquired by Dr. Barnes." Thus, Worthington's principal types apparently remained with Reiff, and came to the MCZ when Reiff's collection was accessioned. The USNM specimens labelled "Presumed Type" are likely the Barnes set to which Reiff referred. I give precedence to the MCZ material (here and below), and designate the MCZ female as LECTOTYPE for Catocala conspicua Worthington 1883 (see Figure 2). The type locality is North[ern] Illinois, [USA], almost certainly in Cook County (see Worthington, 1883, p. 40). The name conspicua is a synonym of Catocala ilia. Catocala ilia var. decorata Worthington, 1883, p. 41. As above, I designate the single MCZ female as LECTOTYPE for Catocala decorata (See Figure 3). The type locality is North[ern] Illinois, [USA], probably Cook County. The name decorata is a synonym of Catocala ilia.
Catocala lucilla Worthington, 1883, p. 39. A single male labelled as the type is in the MCZ collection, and, as above, I designate it the LECTOTYPE for Catocala lucilla (see Figure 4). The type locality is North[ern] Indiana, [USA], probably Lake County. The name lucilla is a synonym of Catocala unijuga Walker (1 858).
Table 1.
[facing page] Synopsis of taxonomic actions taken herein regarding names in the moth genus Catocala Schrank. Note that the taxon lineella Grote is a full species (REVISED STATUS), not a subspecies of arnica Hubner; and that the lectotype designated here for novangliae Reiff is also the lectotype for auranffaca Reiff (as designated by Dyar). See the text for further elaboration of these points.



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HOLOTYPES EXAMINED:
TAXON AUTHOR & DATE
chiauita Bartsch (1916)
ellenensis Reiff (1920)
helene Pilate (1882)
mcdunnough i Brower ( 1937)
norman i Bartsch ( 1916)
nigra Eastrnan (1916)
satanas Reiff (1920)
TAXONOMIC TREATMENT HEREIN TYPE LOCALITY syn. of coccinata Grote (1872) Concord, [Middlesex Co.1, Mass. syn. of aholibah Strecker (1874) Glen Ellen, [Sonoma Co.1, Cal. syn. of micronympha Guene6 (1852) Dayton, [Montgomery Co.1, 0 [hiol full species Mt. Wi [son, [Los Angeles Co.1, Cal. syn. of Cramer (1775) Concord, [Middlesex Co.1, Mass. syn. of semi re1 icta Grote (1874a) Provo, [Utah Co.1, Utah syn. of Cramer (1775) W i 1 lard, Greene Co., M [issl oluril LECTOTYPES DESIGNATED:
TAXON AUTHOR & DATE TAXONOMIC TREATMENT HEREIN adopt i va
conspi cua
decorata
Iuci 1 la
melanotica
novangliae
obsoleta
pensacola
umbrosa
Grote
Worth
Worth
Worth
Rei f f
Reiff
Worth
Rei f f
Worth
(1874)
ngton (1883)
ngton (1883)
ngton (1883)
(1916)
(1916)
ngton (1883)
(1919)
ngton (1883)
syn. of delilah Strecker (1874)
syn. of Cramer (1775)
syn. of j& Cramer (1775)
syn. of unijuga Walker (1858)
syn. of lineella Grote (1872)
syn. of lineella Grote (1872)
syn. of Cramer (1775)
syn. of consors J .E.Smi th (1797)
syn. of Cramer (1775)
TYPE LOCAL I TY
Dallas Co., Texas
NorthIernI Illinois
North [ernl I1 1 inois
North [ernl Indiana
I 11 inois
Concord, [Middlesex Co.1, Mass.
North [ernl I1 1 inois
Rye, Manatee Co., Florida
N [orthernl I 11 [inoisl




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124 Psyche [vo~. 97
Catocala arnica form rnelanotica Reiff, 1916, p. 15. Reiff did not indicate the number of rnelanotica types, nor did he figure any specimens. A single male specimen labelled rnelanotica is at the MCZ, and bears a red type label, and I hereby designate it as LECTOTYPE for Catocala melanotica (see Figure 5). The type locality is Illinois, [USA]. The name melanotica is a synonym of Catocala lineella Grote (1872).
It has recently been confirmed that Catocala lineella Grote (1872) and Catocala arnica Hubner (1818) are indeed distinct species (as Grote claimed), the adults always breeding true, and the larvae showing points of morphological distinction as well as having differ- ing foodplant preferences (Gall, 1990; my unpublished rearing data, and those of D. F. Schweitzer). Since previous taxonomic works in this century list lineella as a form or subspecies of arnica, the appropriate rank of species for lineella should be indicated here (REVISED STATUS).
Catocala arnica ssp. novangliae Reiff, 19 16, p. 12. The relevance of the name aurantiaca Reiff (1916) to the name novangliae should be addressed. Reiff (1916) published aurantiaca improperly as a collective epithet applying simultaneously to several infrasubspecific taxa. Dyar (1917, p. 31) restricted the name auran- tiaca to the single female depicted in Figure 2, Plate 2 of Reiff's article, thus limiting the usage to Catocala arnica subspecies novan- gliae form aurantiaca (sensu Reiff). Dyar's action constituted a valid lectotype designation for aurantiaca.
In his description of Catocala arnica subspecies novangliae, Reiff listed a male and female as types, illustrating these specimens in Figures 1-2 of his Plate 2. Thus, the female aurantiaca lectotype designated by Dyar is an available novangliae syntype, and for the sake of parsimony, I designate this previously illustrated female as the LECTOTYPE for novangliae Reiff (see Figure 6). The type locality is Concord, [Middlesex County], Mass[achusetts, USA]. Both aurantiaca and novangliae are synonyms of Catocala lineella (NEW STATUS for each).
Table 2. [facing page] Label information for type specimens of moths in the genus Catocala Schrank listed in Table 1. Nature of each label is indicated in brackets: m = machine printed, h = hand printed, red = on red paper or card stock; ink color is black or dark brown unless otherwise noted.



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TAXON
adopt i va
chiqui ta
conspi cua
decorata
ellenensis
helene
luci 1 La
mcdunnoughi
melanotica
nigra
normani
novangliae
obsoleta
pensaco 1 a
sat anas
umbrosa
LABELS ATTACHED TO SPECIMEN
'Dal las/Tex. Boll1' [ml ; "Type./1476I1[red m, h numberl ; llC.adoptiva/Grote! /Del i lah Stkr! I' [hl 'Concord ,Mass./July l8,l9l4/Rudolf C.B. Bartschl1 [m, h datesl ; "GI FT OF R .C./B.BARTSCH1I [ml ; 'TYPEH [red ml ;
I'M. C. Z. /Type/22950I1 [red tn, h numberl 'North Illinois/August/Worthingt.Coll.ll[hl; llTYPE/No.ll[red ml; uType/Cat.ilia.v.conspicua/ Worth./ex Worthingt.~oll.~~[hl
'North
I 11 inois/August/Worthingt .Coll .I1 [hl ; 1125542/M.C.Z./TypeH [red m, h numberl ; IType/Cat.ilia.v.decorata/Worth./ex Worthingt.~oll.~~[hl 'Glen Ellen,Cal./vi.26.7.11[hl;81C.aholibah/ellenensis/Reiff/Det.A.E.B.11[hl;11C.J.Paine/Coll.11[ml I<?" [hl ; "874" [hl ; 11M.C.Z./Type/2249511 [red m, h numberl ; I1C./cl intoni/var.helene/Pi late/ 1222 see his/label herewithn[h1; 11874/C.HeIene/Type./Described Jan 21st 1882/Caught June 10th 1880/Dayton10. G.R.Pilateu[hl; "Collection of/Frederick/Allen Eddyn[ml 'North Indiana/August/Worthingt .Colt .I1 [hl ; "M.C.Z./Type/164OU [red m, h number1 ; "Type/Cat. unijuga f-lucilla W~rth.~~[hI; llTYPE/No.ll[red ml; llC.J.Paine/CoIlection~[ml I1Mt.Wi lson,Cal ./July 30,1917.11[hl ; llC.J.Paine/CoI lectionH[ml ; 11M.C.Z./Type/2303511[red m, h number] ;
I1Holotype o/Catocala/mcdunnoughi/Browerll [hl ; "Sl ide NO./M.C.Z./~ geni tal ia/sl ide April 18,1937/A.E.Brower #3/C.mcd~nnoughi/Brower~~[all h except second line ml '1 Ilin~is~~[m]; Vol./Jacob D~ll.~~[mI; "TYPEN[red ml; lVnelanoticall[hl 'GIFT OF R.C./B.BARTSCH1l[ml ; 11XL/16-vi i-14/Walter F.Ea~tman~~[h, m name1 ; I1Typel1[red ml ; I125537/M. C. Z. /TypeH [red m, h numberl lConcord,Mass./July l5,l9l4/Rudolf C.B.Bartschl1 [m, h date1 ; "GIFT OF R.C./B.BARTSCH1' [ml ;
I'M. C. Z./Type/2295 1 [red m, h numberl lConcord,Mass./VI I 26,1913/Wi 11 iam Rei ffl1 [rn, h datesl ; llTYPE/No.ll [red ml ; I1novangl iaeil [hl "North
I1 1 inois/August/Worthingt .Col 1 .I1 [hl ; 1125541/M.C.Z./TypeN [red m, h numberl ; "Type/Cat. i 1 ia.v.obsoleta/Worth./ex Worthingt .coll ."[hI ; llTYPE/No.ll[red ml ; IT. J .Paine/CoI lectionu[ml
'Rye, Fla./IV.8.1919./Wi 1 liam Reiffl1[first two lines h, third line ml; 1lTYPE/No.ll[red ml; '25550/M.C.Z. /TypeH [red m,
h numberl ; "C. J .Paine/Col lect ionu [ml lWillardll[m]; I1Greene C~.Mo.~'[rnl; 119-4-191711[h1; llC.J.Paine/CollectionH[ml; I125539/M.C.Z./ Typeu [red m, h numberl ; "Type of/Satanas Rei f f/(A.E .Brower)I1 [hl ; 11Aug81 [ml ; I1N. 11 1 .I1 [ml ;
81TYPE/No.11 [red ml ;
1125540/M.C.Z./Type" [red ml ; "Type/Cat. i I ia. v.umbrosa/Worth ./ex Worthingt .col 1 .I1 [hl



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126 Psyche [VOL 97
Figures 1-9. kctotypes of moths in the genus CaiocaSa Schrank. Scale bar = 25 mm. 1: adoptive Grote (1874); 2: compicua Worthington (1883); 3: decoraru Wor- thington (1883); 4: lucilla Worthifigton (1883); 5: melanorim Reiff (1916); 6; novan- ghe Reiff (1 9 16); 7: obsolera Worthingtm (1 883); 8: pensacola Reiff (1919); 9: wnbrosa Worthington (1 883).




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19901 Gall- Genus Catocala 127
Catocala ilia var. obsoleta Worthington, 1 883, p. 40. A single female labelled as type is in the MCZ collection, and, following protocol above for the other Worthington names, I desig- nate this female as the LECTOTYPE for Catocala obsoleta (see Figure 7). The type locality is North[ern] Illinois, [USA], probably Cook County. The name obsoleta is a synonym of Catocala ilia. Catocala consors ssp. pensacola Reiff, 1919, p. 75. Reiff lists a male and female as types, and I designate the MCZ male labelled "Type" as the LECTOTYPE for Catocala pensacola (see Figure 8). The type locality is Rye, Manatee County, Florida, [USA]. As Barnes & Benjamin (1927) noted, the namepensacola is a synonym of Catocala consors subspecies consors J, E. Smith (1797). Catocala ilia var. umbrosa Worthington, 1883, p. 41. As above, I designate the single MCZ female as LECTOTYPE for Catocala umbrosa Worthington. The type locality is Nrorthern] Ill[inois, USA], probably Cook County. The name umbrosa is a synonym of Catocala ilia.
The taxonomic status of 18 names in the noctuid moth genus Catocala is reviewed, based on type material housed at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard. Herein, a total of 7 holotypes and 1 previously designated lectotype are discussed, 9 new lecto- types are designated and illustrated, and 1 previously subspecific name is re-elevated to full species rank. I thank M. Deane Bowers, Scott Shaw, and David Furth for help at the MCZ in Boston. John Franclemont, David Hawks, and Dale Schweitzer offered helpful criticism of the manuscript. William Sacco produced the plate.




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Psyche
[Vol. 97
BARNES, W. AND F. H. BENJAMIN
1924. Notes and new species. Contr. Nat. Hist. Lepid. N. Amer. 5: 99-199. BARTSCH, R. C. B.
1916.
Two new forms of Catocalae. Lepidopterist 1: 3. BEHR, H.
1870. Synopsis noctuidarum hucusque in California repertarum. Trans. Amer. Ent. SOC. 3: 23-28.
BROWER, A. E.
1937. Descriptions of a new species and a new race of Catocala (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Bull. Brooklyn Entom. Soc. 32: 184-186. CRAMER, P.
1775.
De Uitlandsche Kapellen Voorkomende in Drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America. Volume 1. Baalde and Utrecht, Barthelmy Wild, Am- sterdam. 132 pp., 100 plates.
DYAR, H. G.
1917.
Nomenclature of Catocala varieties. Lepidopterist 1: 3 1-32. EASTMAN, W. F.
1916.
A new form of Catocala pura. Lepidopterist 1: 2. GALL, L. F.
1990.
Evolutionary ecology of sympatric Catocala moths (Lepidoptera: Noc- tuidae). 11. Sampling for wild larvae on their foodplants. J. Res. Lepid., in press.
GALL, L. F. AND D. C. HAWKS
1990.
Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). I. Type material in the Strecker collection, with lectotype designations. Fieldiana, in press.
GROTE, A. R.
1872.
On the North American species of Catocala. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 4: 1-20.
1874a. On the Noctuidae of North America. Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. 6: 21-38.
1874b. Remarks on North American Noctuidae with descriptions of new spe- cies. Trans. Amer. Entom. SOC. 5: 89-98. GUENEE, A.
1852.
Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species General des Lkpidoptkres. Tome Septikme, Noctuelites, Tome 3. Roret, Paris. 441 pp. HAWKS, D. C.
1986.
The systematics and ecology of the Catocala delilah complex (Lepidop- tera: Noctuidae). Unpublished Master's Thesis, Univ. California, River- side. 1 19 pp.
HOBNER, J.
18 18.
Zutrage zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, bestehend in etundi- gung einzeiner Fliegmuster neuer oder rare Nichteuropaischer Gattun- gen. Erstes Hundert. Augsburg. [no publisher given]. 32 pp., plus 8 unnumbered pages, Figs. 1-200,35 plates (plates published [1808-18 181).



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19901 Gall- Genus Catocala
PILATE, G. R.
1882.
A new variety of Catocala. Papilio 2: 31-32. REIFF, W.
19 16.
Catocala arnica Hb. subspecies novangliae Reiff. Lepidoptera Heteroc- era. Lepidopterist 1: 12-16.
1919.
Notes and additions to Barnes' and McDunnough's illustrations of the N.A. species of Catocala. Lepidopterist 3: 75-76. 1920.
Notes and additions to Barnes' and McDonough's [sic] illustrations of North American Catocalae. Lepidopterist 4: 46-48. SCHRANK, F. P.
1802.
Fauna Bioica. Durchgedachte Geschichte der in Baiern Einheimischen un Zahmen Thiere. Zweyter Band. Zweyte Abthilungen. Krull, Ingol- stadt. 173 pp.
SMITH, J. E.
1797.
The Natural History of the Rarer Lepidopterous Insects of Georgia Including their Systematic Characters, the Particulars of their Several Metamorphoses, and the Plants on which they Feed. Collected from the Observations of Mr. John Abbot many Years Resident in that Country. Vol. 11. London, T. Bensley. pp. 105-214, plates 53-104. STRECKER, F. H. H.
1874.
Lepidoptera, Rhophaloceres and Heteroceres, Indigenous and Exotic; with Descriptions and Colored Illustrations. Owen's Steam Book and Job Printing, Reading, Pennsylvania. Pages 7 1-80. WALKER, F.
[I8581 1857.
List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, 13: 983-1286.
WORTHINGTON, C. E.
1883.
On certain Catocalae. Papilio 3: 39-41.




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